Ch 11. Fighting Fires in Institutional Occupancies

Question 1

The term _____ covers a range of facilities in which large numbers of people may be residing under somewhat confining circumstances. (151)

Answer 1

institutional occupancy

Question 2

______ are the quintessential institutional occupancies., since their firefighting concerns are all quite similar. 3 (151)

Answer 2

1) Hospitals
2) Penal institutions
3) Schools

Nursing homes qualify as well

Question 3

The key problem that arises when fire strikes an institution is one of _____, since many of the residents won’t be able to do so themselves. (151)

Answer 3

Rescue

Question 4

[At an institutional fire], to help stave of many of the difficulties associated with rescue, the primary strategic thrust becomes ____. (151)

Answer 4

defend in place

Question 5

The fundamental premise behind implementing [the defending in place] strategy is that there are _____. The second given in the equation is that _____. (151)

Answer 5

significant numbers of people to be taken out; Group rescue is rarely a possibility

Question 6

To save as many victims in an institutional occupancy as possible, _____ becomes the premier option. (151)

Answer 6

defending in place

Question 7

The term, ______, mean just what it says. Instead of removing [victims] to safe areas, firefighters commit all of their efforts toward extinguishment and ventilation efforts. (151)

Answer 7

defending in place

Question 8

Most modern institutional occupancies are protected with _____ and _____. (153)

Answer 8

automatic sprinklers and standpipes

Question 9

Older institutional occupancies tend to be: 4 (153)

Answer 9

1) Built to last
2) Constructed of fire-resistant material
3) Built with massive components
4) Compartmentalized

Question 10

Older penal institutions and hospitals may be several stories tall but aren’t what we would call high-rises. _____ or _____ floors are usually the maximum. (153)

Answer 10

Four or five

Question 11

Older penal institutions and hospitals are sound, and if collapse occurs, it is precipitated by _____. (153)

Answer 11

a fault in the floors or roof

Question 12

Older schools that are still in use today are predominantly of ______ construction. (153)

Answer 12

ordinary

Question 13

Older schools that are still in use today are more than one story but seldom exceed ____. (153)

Answer 13

four

Question 14

The structural integrity of a school is improved by _____. (153)

Answer 14

the compartmentalization of it’s interior

Question 15

Modern penal institutions contain more ____ and _____, and they have less brick. (153)

Answer 15

steel and concrete

Question 16

Some [modern penal institutions] may have exterior brick veneer walls so as to blend into the neighborhood better, but _____ will be the main support, and _____ will span the area between them to keep out the elements. (153)

Answer 16

steel columns; CMUs (concrete masonry units)

Question 17

Modern hospitals are built of _____ and ____, and schools can be a combination of these materials. (153)

Answer 17

steel and concrete

Question 18

By the NFPA rating, most or all of these [institutional] structures would either be ____ or ____. (153)

Answer 18

Class I or Class II

Question 19

[In institutional occupancy fires] _____ can produce very hot fires and deadly smoke in seconds. (153)

Answer 19

interior furnishings

Question 20

Most of the [older institutional] roofs are ____, supported by __3__. (153)

Answer 20

flat supported by columns, wooden girders, and joists.

Question 21

whether the newer roof is flat or pitched, expect _____ support for these [institutional] occupancies. (155)

Answer 21

lightweight

Question 22

Older penal institution and hospital’s floors aren’t susceptible to rapid, universal collapse. Rather, the give plenty of warning, generally in the form of ___3__. (155)

Answer 22

1) Profound sagging
2) Sponginess
3) Attention-getting moans and groans

Question 23

Newer institutional occupancies tend to be very compartmentalized. Flame spread is usually held to a room or part of a floor by _____. (156)

Answer 23

self-closing doors.

Question 24

In older institutional occupancies, the spread of fire is assisted by numerous openings. Most of these buildings had _____. (156)

Answer 24

wide-open, unprotected stairwells

Question 25

Older schools, if involved, can produce an abundance of dense smoke. __3___ can all contribute to the generation of high levels of heat. (156)

Answer 25

1) Varnished floors 2) Lath-and-plaster interior walls 3) wooden desks

Question 26

The _____ can be overwhelming at a working fire in an institutional occupancy. (156)

Answer 26

life hazard

Question 27

For a responder on the first alarm [institutional occupancy fire], the ratio of victims ro rescuers can be greater than _____. (156)

Answer 27

50-to-1

Question 28

It's vital that an incident commander know 2 things [at an institutional occupancy fire]: (156)

Answer 28

1) Whether the building is protected by automatic sprinklers and standpipes 2) the capabilities of the crew available to him

Question 29

Given the potential scale of these sorts of incidents, [institutional occupancy fires], if things go awry, it's best to concentrate on _____. (156)

Answer 29

managing the cause of the overall problem-which is the fire

Question 30

One obstacle that must be overcome at fires in a prison or jail is ____. (157)

Answer 30

access to specific areas

Question 31

_____ can present maze-like floor patterns in "zero" visibility conditions. (157)

Answer 31

Bars

Question 32

To defend in place means that all crews must be committed to quick extinguishment and ventilation of the contaminated areas. ______ is key. (158)

Answer 32

Aggressive attack

Question 33

[for an aggressive attack at an institutional occupancy fire], _____ will help foster the safest operation. (158)

Answer 33

multiple attack lines taken from the same direction

Question 34

[At a fire at an institutional occupancy] if _____ are present, opt to use them over lengthy stretches, since doing so will help you avoid unnecessary lays and delays. (158)

Answer 34

standpipes

Question 35

Afire stream will put out all the fire it can reach in _____. (158)

Answer 35

30 to 60 seconds

Question 36

The _____ will make or break the entire operation. (158)

Answer 36

placement of the first line

Question 37

For the greatest good, protecting the most, we must _____. Sometimes a small contingent of occupants may temporarily have to be placed in greater harm so as to do the best for the majority. (158)

Answer 37

cut the spread of fire, heat, and smoke

Question 38

[at an institutional occupancy fire] for proper control, _____ are essential. (158)

Answer 38

multiple attack lines

Question 39

[at an institutional occupancy fire], once hoselines are in place and operating, _____ should commence as soon as possible. (158)

Answer 39

ventilation

Question 40

[at an institutional occupancy fire], _____ may be the ones best able to open a proper vent prior to operation of the [positive pressure] fan. (158)

Answer 40

members of the attack crew

Question 41

In a wing-type nursing home, the first line should be stretched to get the nozzle _____. (159)

Answer 41

between the fire and the most victims

Question 42

What can make searching a classroom difficult? (159)

Answer 42

moveable desks

Question 43

Searches in a defend-in-place operation will be _____, and the efforts at locating and accounting for the exposed will be more of a triage. (160)

Answer 43

minimal

Question 44

Searches in schools can be difficult. _____ is the best option. (160)

Answer 44

Coordinated search with rapid ventilation

Question 45

Evacuation operation are perhaps most likely in _____. (160)

Answer 45

schools

Question 46

_____ will help facilitate evacuations in a school. (160)

Answer 46

backup lines

Question 47

If you have enough manpower [at a school fire] to do so, pull more than one backup line. The first should _____. (160)

Answer 47

shadow any unprotected crew (ex. search teams)

Question 48

If additional staffing isn't available [at a school fire], then _____ will help facilitate the evacuation. (160)

Answer 48

a hoseline at each stairway. (Throw the hose to the inside of the stairwell and have a firefighter stationed where it crosses in front of the last step)

Question 49

In penal institutions and hospitals, having a backup line will normally be a second thought. The initial efforts in hospitals and prisons should be toward _____. (160)

Answer 49

putting out the fire and ventilating.

Question 50

One of the toughest parts of being a chief officer at one of these [institutional occupancy] fires is in finding the balance between _______. (160)

Answer 50

aggressiveness in firefighting and concern for the safety of your crews.

Question 51

Crews will extend themselves to a greater extent in these buildings than they will in other occupancies. (160)

Answer 51

institutional occupancies

Question 52

The key to fires in institutional occupancies is that the residents inside are under somewhat _____ circumstances. (167 & 309)

Answer 52

Confining

Question 53

The key problem with fires in institutional occupancies is one of _____. (167 & 309)

Answer 53

Rescue

Question 54

To control this [rescue] concern, a _____ strategy is usually warranted in fires in institutional occupancies. (167 & 309)

Answer 54

Defend in place

Question 55

The normal victim/rescuer ratio should be considered _____. (167 & 309)

Answer 55

1 for every 2

Question 56

What is the key to a defend-in-place strategy? (167 & 309)

Answer 56

Aggressive attack

Question 57

_____ will make or break a defend-in-place strategy. (167 & 309)

Answer 57

The placement of the first hose line

Question 58

Who usually is in the best place to open the proper vent hole for PPV? (167 & 309)

Answer 58

Attack crew

Question 59

When can staff and doctors be used to assist in victim removal at a hospital or nursing home fire? (167 & 309)

Answer 59

After flames have been knocked down and smoke cleared

Question 60

With defend-in-place operations, search will be more of a _____ than actually removing victims. (167 & 309)

Answer 60

Triage

Question 61

As it relates to school fires, what could be the best option as it relates to search? (167 & 309)

Answer 61

Aggressive ventilation