Ch 18 Major Endocrine Glands Flashcards
adrenal cortex
outer section (cortex) of each adrenal gland; secretes cortisol, aldosterone, and sex hormones
adrenal medulla
inner section (medulla) of each adrenal gland; secretes epinephrine and norepinephrine
ovaries
located in the lower abdomen of a female; responsible for egg production and estrogen and progesterone secretion
pancreas
located behind the stomach. Islet (alpha and beta) cells (islets of Langerhans) secrete hormones from the pancreas; Pancreas also contains cells that are exocrine in function; secrete enzyme into small intestine to aid digestion
parathyroid glands
four small glands on the posterior of the thyroid gland; some people have 3-5 parathyroid glands
pituitary gland
hypophysis
located at the base of the brain in the sella turcica; composed of an anterior lobe (adenohypophysis) and a posterior lobe (neurohypophysis); Weighs 1/16 of an ounce and less than half an inch across
testes
two glands enclosed in the scrotal sac of males; responsible for sperm production and testosterone secretion
thyroid gland
located in the neck on either side of the trachea; secretes thyroxine, triiodothyronine, and calcitonin