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Medical Terminology > Ch 13 Blood Vocabulary > Flashcards

Ch 13 Blood Vocabulary Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

albumin

A

protein in blood; maintains proper amount of water in the blood

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2
Q

antibody (Ab)

A

specific protein (immunoglobulin) produced by lymphocytes in response to antigens. An antibody is specific to an antigen and inactivates in.

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3
Q

basophil

A

white blood cell containing granules that stain blue; associated with the release of histamine and heparin

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4
Q

bilirubin

A

orange-yellow pigment in the bile; formed by the breakdown of hemoglobin when red blood cells are destroyed

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5
Q

coagulation

A

blood clotting

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6
Q

colony-stimulating factor (CSF)

A

protein that stimulates growth of WBCs (granulocytes)

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7
Q

differentiation

A

change in structure and function of a cell as it matures; specialization

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8
Q

electrophoresis

A

method of separating serum proteins by electrical charge

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9
Q

eosinophil

A

WBC containing granules that stain red; associated with allergic reaction

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10
Q

erythroblast

A

immature RBC

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11
Q

erythrocyte

A

RBC. 5 million/microliter or cubic millimeter of blood

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12
Q

erythropoietin (EPO)

A

hormone secreted by the kidneys; stimulates red blood cell formation

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13
Q

fibrin

A

protein that forms the basis of a blood clot

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14
Q

fibrinogen

A

plasma protein that is converted to fibrin in the clotting process

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15
Q

globulin

A

plasma protein; alpha, beta, and gamma (immune) globulins

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16
Q

granulocytes

A

WBC with numerous dark staining granules; eosinophils, neutrophils, and basophils

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17
Q

hematopoietic stem cell

A

cell in bone marrow that gives rise to all types of blood cells

18
Q

hemoglobin

A

blood protein containing iron; carries O2 in RBC

19
Q

hemolysis

A

destruction and breakdown of RBC

20
Q

heparin

A

anticoagulant found in blood and tissue cells

21
Q

immune reaction

A

response of the immune system to foreign invasion

22
Q

immunoglobulin

A

protein (globulin) with antibody activity; IgG, IgM, IgA, IgE, IgD
immun/o mean protection

23
Q

leukocyte

A

white blood cell

24
Q

lymphocyte

A

mononuclear leukocyte that produces antibodies

25
Q

macrophage

A

monocyte that migrates from the blood to tissue spaces. As a phagocyte, it engulfs foreign material and debris. In liver, spleen, and bone marrow, macrophages destroy worn out blood cells

26
Q

megakaryocyte

A

large platelet precursor cell found in the bone marrow

27
Q

monocyte

A

leukocyte with one large nucleus; engulfs foreign material and debris. Monocytes become macrophages as they leave and enter the body tissues

28
Q

mononuclear

A

pertaining to a cell (leukocyte) with a single round nucleus; lymphocytes and monocytes are mononuclear leukocytes

29
Q

myeloblast

A

immature bone marrow that gives rise to granulocytes

30
Q

neutrophil

A

granulocytic leukocyte formed in bone marrow. A phagocytic tissue-fighting cell. polymorphonuclear leukocyte

31
Q

plasma

A

liquid portion of blood, contains water, proteins, salt, nutrients, lipids, hormones, and vitamins

32
Q

plasmapheresis

A

removal of plasma from withdrawn blood by centrifuge

33
Q

platelet

A

small blood fragment that collects at sites of injury to begin the clotting process

34
Q

polymorphonuclear

A

pertaining to WBCs with a multi-lobed nucleus; neutrophil

35
Q

prothrombin

A

plasma protein; converted to thrombin in the clotting process

36
Q

reticulocyte

A

immature erythrocyte; a network of strands (reticulin) is seen after staining with special dyes

37
Q

Rh factor

A

antigen on RBCs of Rh-positive (Rh+) individuals

38
Q

serum

A

plasma minus clotting proteins and cells. Clear, yellowish fluid that separates from blood when it is allowed to clot. Formed from plasma but does not contain protein-coagulation factors

39
Q

stem cell

A

unspecialized cell that gives rise to mature, specialized forms. Hematopoietic stem cell in the progenitor for all different types of blood cells

40
Q

thrombin

A

enzyme that converts fibrinogen to fibrin during coagulation

41
Q

thrombocyte

A

platelet

Medical Terminology (49 decks)

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