Ch 13 Blood Vocabulary

Question 1

albumin

Answer 1

protein in blood; maintains proper amount of water in the blood

Question 2

antibody (Ab)

Answer 2

specific protein (immunoglobulin) produced by lymphocytes in response to antigens. An antibody is specific to an antigen and inactivates in.

Question 3

basophil

Answer 3

white blood cell containing granules that stain blue; associated with the release of histamine and heparin

Question 4

bilirubin

Answer 4

orange-yellow pigment in the bile; formed by the breakdown of hemoglobin when red blood cells are destroyed

Question 5

coagulation

Answer 5

blood clotting

Question 6

colony-stimulating factor (CSF)

Answer 6

protein that stimulates growth of WBCs (granulocytes)

Question 7

differentiation

Answer 7

change in structure and function of a cell as it matures; specialization

Question 8

electrophoresis

Answer 8

method of separating serum proteins by electrical charge

Question 9

eosinophil

Answer 9

WBC containing granules that stain red; associated with allergic reaction

Question 10

erythroblast

Answer 10

immature RBC

Question 11

erythrocyte

Answer 11

RBC. 5 million/microliter or cubic millimeter of blood

Question 12

erythropoietin (EPO)

Answer 12

hormone secreted by the kidneys; stimulates red blood cell formation

Question 13

fibrin

Answer 13

protein that forms the basis of a blood clot

Question 14

fibrinogen

Answer 14

plasma protein that is converted to fibrin in the clotting process

Question 15

globulin

Answer 15

plasma protein; alpha, beta, and gamma (immune) globulins

Question 16

granulocytes

Answer 16

WBC with numerous dark staining granules; eosinophils, neutrophils, and basophils

Question 17

hematopoietic stem cell

Answer 17

cell in bone marrow that gives rise to all types of blood cells

Question 18

hemoglobin

Answer 18

blood protein containing iron; carries O2 in RBC

Question 19

hemolysis

Answer 19

destruction and breakdown of RBC

Question 20

heparin

Answer 20

anticoagulant found in blood and tissue cells

Question 21

immune reaction

Answer 21

response of the immune system to foreign invasion

Question 22

immunoglobulin

Answer 22

protein (globulin) with antibody activity; IgG, IgM, IgA, IgE, IgD
immun/o mean protection

Question 23

leukocyte

Answer 23

white blood cell

Question 24

lymphocyte

Answer 24

mononuclear leukocyte that produces antibodies

Question 25

macrophage

Answer 25

monocyte that migrates from the blood to tissue spaces. As a phagocyte, it engulfs foreign material and debris. In liver, spleen, and bone marrow, macrophages destroy worn out blood cells

Question 26

megakaryocyte

Answer 26

large platelet precursor cell found in the bone marrow

Question 27

monocyte

Answer 27

leukocyte with one large nucleus; engulfs foreign material and debris. Monocytes become macrophages as they leave and enter the body tissues

Question 28

mononuclear

Answer 28

pertaining to a cell (leukocyte) with a single round nucleus; lymphocytes and monocytes are mononuclear leukocytes

Question 29

myeloblast

Answer 29

immature bone marrow that gives rise to granulocytes

Question 30

neutrophil

Answer 30

granulocytic leukocyte formed in bone marrow. A phagocytic tissue-fighting cell. polymorphonuclear leukocyte

Question 31

plasma

Answer 31

liquid portion of blood, contains water, proteins, salt, nutrients, lipids, hormones, and vitamins

Question 32

plasmapheresis

Answer 32

removal of plasma from withdrawn blood by centrifuge

Question 33

platelet

Answer 33

small blood fragment that collects at sites of injury to begin the clotting process

Question 34

polymorphonuclear

Answer 34

pertaining to WBCs with a multi-lobed nucleus; neutrophil

Question 35

prothrombin

Answer 35

plasma protein; converted to thrombin in the clotting process

Question 36

reticulocyte

Answer 36

immature erythrocyte; a network of strands (reticulin) is seen after staining with special dyes

Question 37

Rh factor

Answer 37

antigen on RBCs of Rh-positive (Rh+) individuals

Question 38

serum

Answer 38

plasma minus clotting proteins and cells. Clear, yellowish fluid that separates from blood when it is allowed to clot. Formed from plasma but does not contain protein-coagulation factors

Question 39

stem cell

Answer 39

unspecialized cell that gives rise to mature, specialized forms. Hematopoietic stem cell in the progenitor for all different types of blood cells

Question 40

thrombin

Answer 40

enzyme that converts fibrinogen to fibrin during coagulation

Question 41

thrombocyte

Answer 41

platelet