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Medical Terminology > Ch. 11 Cardiovascular Vocabulary > Flashcards

Ch. 11 Cardiovascular Vocabulary Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

aorta

A

largest artery in the body

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2
Q

apex of the heart

A

lower tip of the heart

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3
Q

arteriole

A

small artery

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4
Q

artery

A

largest type of blood vessel; carries blood away from the heart to all parts of the body

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5
Q

atrioventricular bundle

bundle of His

A

specialized muscle fibers connecting the atria with the ventricles and transmitting electrical impulses between them

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6
Q

atrioventricular node

AV node

A

specialized tissue in the wall between the atria. Electrical impulses pass from the pacemaker (SA node) through the AV node and the atrioventricular bundle toward the ventricles

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7
Q

atrium

plural: atria

A

upper chambers of the heart

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8
Q

capillary

A

smallest blood vessel; materials pass to and from the bloodstream through the thin capillary walls

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9
Q

carbon dioxide

A

Gas (waste) released by body cells, transported via veins to the heart, and then to the lungs for exhalation

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10
Q

coronary arteries

A

blood vessels that branch from the aorta and carry oxygen rich blood to the heart muscle

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11
Q

deoxygenated blood

A

blood that is oxygen poor

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12
Q

diastole

A

relaxation phase of the heartbeat

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13
Q

electrocardiogram

A

record of the electricity flowing through the heart. The electricity is represented by waves or deflections called P, QRS, or T

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14
Q

endocardium

A

inner lining of the heart

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15
Q

endothelium

A

innermost lining of the blood vessels

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16
Q

mitral valve

A

valve between the left atrium and the left ventricle; bicuspid valve

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17
Q

murmur

A

abnormal swishing sound caused by improper closure of the heart valves

18
Q

myocardium

A

muscular, inner layer of the heart

19
Q

normal sinus rhythm

A

heart rhythm originating in the SA node;

rate 60 to 100 beats per minute

20
Q

oxygen

A

gas that enters the blood through the lungs and travels to the heart to be pumped via arteries to all body cells

21
Q

pacemaker

sinoatrial node

A

specialized nerve tissue in the right atrium that begins the heartbeat. An artificial cardiac pacemaker in an electronic apparatus implanted in the chest to stimulate heart muscle that is weak and not functioning

22
Q

pericardium

A

double-layer membrane surrounding the heart

23
Q

pulmonary artery

A

artery carrying oxygen-poor blood from the heart to the lungs

24
Q

pulmonary circulation

A

flow of blood from the heart to the lungs and back to the heart

25
Q

pulmonary valve

A

valve positioned between the right ventricle and the pulmonary artery

26
Q

pulmonary vein

A

one of two pairs of vessels carrying oxygenated blood from the lungs to the left atrium of the heart

27
Q

pulse

A

beat of the heart felt through the walls of the artery

28
Q

septum

plural: septa

A

partition or wall dividing a cavity

29
Q

interatrial septum

A

between right and left atrium

30
Q

interventricular septum

A

between right and left ventricles

31
Q

sinoatrial node

SA node

A

pacemaker of the heart

32
Q

sphygmomanometer

A

instrument to measure blood pressure

33
Q

systemic circulation

A

flow of blood from body tissue to the heart and then from the heart back to the body tissues

34
Q

systole

A

contraction phase of the heartbeat

35
Q

tricuspid valve

A

located between the right atrium and the right ventricle; has three cusps

36
Q

valve

A

structure in veins or in the heart that temporarily closes an opening so that blood flows in only one direction

37
Q

vein

A

thin-walled vessel that carried blood from the body tissues and lungs back to the heart. Veins contain valves to prevent the backflow of blood

38
Q

vena cava

plural: venae cavae

A

largest vein in the body. Returns blood to the right atrium

39
Q

ventricle

A

lower heart chambers

40
Q

venule

A

small vein

Medical Terminology (49 decks)

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