Ch. 12 Respiratory Vocabulary Flashcards
adenoids
lymphatic tissue in the nasopharynx; pharyngeal tonsils
alveolus
plural: alveoli
air sac in the lung
apex of the lung
tip or uppermost part of the lung. Apex is the tip of a structure. Apical means pertaining to or located at the apex.
base of the lung
lower portion of the lung. Basilar means located at or in the base
bronchioles
smallest branches of the bronchi. terminal bronchioles lead to alveolar ducts
bronchus
plural: bronchi
branch of the trachea that is a passageway into the lung; bronchial tube
carbon dioxide CO2
gas produced by body cells when oxygen and carbon atoms from food combine; exhaled through lungs
cilia
thin hairs attached to the mucous membrane epithelium lining the respiratory tract. they clear bacteria and foreign substances from the lung. cigarette smoke impairs the function of the cilia
diaphragm
muscle separating the chest and abdomen. Contracts to pull air into the lungs and relaxes to push air out
epiglottis
lid-like piece of cartilage that covers the larynx, preventing food from entering the larynx and trachea during swallowing
expiration
breathing out
exhalation
glottis
slit-like opening to the larynx
hilum of the lung
midline region where the bronchi, blood vessels, and nerves enter and exit the lungs. Hilar means pertaining to (at) the hilum
inspiration
breathing in (inhalation)
larynx
voice box; contains vocal cords
lobe
division of a lung
mediastinum
region between the lungs in the chest cavity. Contains the trachea, heart, lymph nodes, aorta, esophagus, and bronchial tubes
nares
nostrils
oxygen O2
gas that makes up 21% of the air. Passes into the bloodstream at the lungs and travels to all body cells
palatine tonsil
one of a pair of almond shaped masses of lymphatic tissue in the oropharynx (palatine means pertaining to the roof of the mouth)
paranasal sinus
one of the cavities in the bones near the nose
parietal pleura
outer layer of the pleura lying closer to the ribs and chest wall
pharynx
throat; includes nasopharynx, oropharynx, and the laryngopharynx
pleura
double-layer membrane surrounding each lung
pleural cavity
space between the folds of the pleura
pulmonary parenchyma
essential parts of the lung responsible for respiration; bronchioles and alveoli
respiration
breathing; process of moving air into and out of the lungs
trachea
windpipe
visceral pleura
inner layer of pleura lying closer to the lung tissue