Ch. 12 Respiratory Vocabulary

Question 1

adenoids

Answer 1

lymphatic tissue in the nasopharynx; pharyngeal tonsils

Question 2

alveolus

plural: alveoli

Answer 2

air sac in the lung

Question 3

apex of the lung

Answer 3

tip or uppermost part of the lung. Apex is the tip of a structure. Apical means pertaining to or located at the apex.

Question 4

base of the lung

Answer 4

lower portion of the lung. Basilar means located at or in the base

Question 5

bronchioles

Answer 5

smallest branches of the bronchi. terminal bronchioles lead to alveolar ducts

Question 6

bronchus

plural: bronchi

Answer 6

branch of the trachea that is a passageway into the lung; bronchial tube

Question 7

carbon dioxide CO2

Answer 7

gas produced by body cells when oxygen and carbon atoms from food combine; exhaled through lungs

Question 8

cilia

Answer 8

thin hairs attached to the mucous membrane epithelium lining the respiratory tract. they clear bacteria and foreign substances from the lung. cigarette smoke impairs the function of the cilia

Question 9

diaphragm

Answer 9

muscle separating the chest and abdomen. Contracts to pull air into the lungs and relaxes to push air out

Question 10

epiglottis

Answer 10

lid-like piece of cartilage that covers the larynx, preventing food from entering the larynx and trachea during swallowing

Question 11

expiration

Answer 11

breathing out

exhalation

Question 12

glottis

Answer 12

slit-like opening to the larynx

Question 13

hilum of the lung

Answer 13

midline region where the bronchi, blood vessels, and nerves enter and exit the lungs. Hilar means pertaining to (at) the hilum

Question 14

inspiration

Answer 14

breathing in (inhalation)

Question 15

larynx

Answer 15

voice box; contains vocal cords

Question 16

lobe

Answer 16

division of a lung

Question 17

mediastinum

Answer 17

region between the lungs in the chest cavity. Contains the trachea, heart, lymph nodes, aorta, esophagus, and bronchial tubes

Question 18

nares

Answer 18

nostrils

Question 19

oxygen O2

Answer 19

gas that makes up 21% of the air. Passes into the bloodstream at the lungs and travels to all body cells

Question 20

palatine tonsil

Answer 20

one of a pair of almond shaped masses of lymphatic tissue in the oropharynx (palatine means pertaining to the roof of the mouth)

Question 21

paranasal sinus

Answer 21

one of the cavities in the bones near the nose

Question 22

parietal pleura

Answer 22

outer layer of the pleura lying closer to the ribs and chest wall

Question 23

pharynx

Answer 23

throat; includes nasopharynx, oropharynx, and the laryngopharynx

Question 24

pleura

Answer 24

double-layer membrane surrounding each lung

Question 25

pleural cavity

Answer 25

space between the folds of the pleura

Question 26

pulmonary parenchyma

Answer 26

essential parts of the lung responsible for respiration; bronchioles and alveoli

Question 27

respiration

Answer 27

breathing; process of moving air into and out of the lungs

Question 28

trachea

Answer 28

windpipe

Question 29

visceral pleura

Answer 29

inner layer of pleura lying closer to the lung tissue