Ch 16 retroperitoneum Flashcards
Hormone secreted by the pituitary gland
adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)
Outer parenchyma of the adrenal gland that secretes steroid hormones commonly called corticoids
cortex
Portion of the pelvic cavity that is above the pelvic brim, bounded posteriorly by the lumbar vertebrae, laterally by the iliac fossae and iliacus muscles, and anteriorly by the lower anterior abdominal wall
false pelvis
An increase on the number of cells of a body part that results from an increased rate of cellular division
hyperplasia
Central tissue of the adrenal gland that secretes epinephrine and norepinephrine
medulla
smooth, round, homogeneous benign tumor of the adrenal cortex associated with Cushing’s syndrome
adenoma
Condition caused by hyposecretion from the adrenal cortex
Addison’s diseases
Condition caused by hypersecretion of hormones from the adrenal cortex
Cushing’s syndrome
Malignancy that primarily affects the lymph nodes, spleen, or liver
lymphoma
Early embryonic tissue that will eventually develop into the brain and spinal cord
neuroectodermal tissue
Malignant adrenal mass that is seen in pediatric patients
neuroblastoma
Benign adrenal tumor that secretes hormones that produce hypertension
pheochromocytoma
Any disorder characterized by enlargement of the lymph nodes or lymph vessels
lymphadenopathy
The retroperitoneal space is the area between the posterior of the ______ and the _____ abdominal wall muscles
parietal, posterior
The retroperitoneal space is subdivided in to three spaces : the _______ space, the _____space, and the _____ space.
anterior pararenal, parirenal, posterior
The ______ space surrounds the kidney, adrenal, and perirenal fat.
parirenal
The _________ space includes the duodenum, pancreas, and ascending and transverse colon.
anterior pararenal
The _____ space includes the iliopsoas muscle, ureter, and branches of the inferior vena cava and their lymphatics
posterior pararenal
The right renal artery is more _____ to the kidney, whereas the left adrenal is more _____ to the kidney.
superior, medial
The right renal artery crosses ______ to the crus and______ to the inferior vena at the level of the right kidney.
anterior, posterior
The _____ muscle, the fascia of which merges with posterior transversalis, fascia, makes up the medial border of this posterior space
psoas
The male sex hormones are _____, and the female sex hormones are _____
androgen, estrogen
Hypo function of the adrenal cortex in humans is called _____ disease
Addison’s
The steroids secreted by the adrenal cortex fall into the following three main categories:______, _____, and ____.
mineralocorticoids, glucocorticoids, sex hormone
The principal mineralocorticoid is _____
aldosterone
______ play a principal role in carbohydrate metabolism
Glucocorticoids
The primary glucocorticoids are _____ and ____
cortisone, hydrocortisone
Adrenal tumors in women can promote secondary _____ characteristics.
masculine
The adrenal cortex is controlled by _____ hormone (ACTH) from the pituitary.
adrendcorticotropic
Epinephire and norepinphrine are amines, sometimes referred to as _____, that elevate the blood pressure
catecholamines
Adrenal hemorrhages are more common in neonates who experienced a traumatic delivery that included ____, ____, and ___
stress, asphyxia, septicemia
The clinical symptoms of pheochrmocytoma include intermittent ____, severe _____, heart _____, and excess perspiration
hypertension, headaches, palpitation
A ______ is a walled-off collection of extravasated urine that develops spontaneously after trauma, surgery, or subacute or chronic urinary obstruction
urinoma
