Ch 16 retroperitoneum

Question 1

Hormone secreted by the pituitary gland

Answer 1

adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)

Question 2

Outer parenchyma of the adrenal gland that secretes steroid hormones commonly called corticoids

Answer 2

cortex

Question 3

Portion of the pelvic cavity that is above the pelvic brim, bounded posteriorly by the lumbar vertebrae, laterally by the iliac fossae and iliacus muscles, and anteriorly by the lower anterior abdominal wall

Answer 3

false pelvis

Question 4

An increase on the number of cells of a body part that results from an increased rate of cellular division

Answer 4

hyperplasia

Question 5

Central tissue of the adrenal gland that secretes epinephrine and norepinephrine

Answer 5

medulla

Question 6

smooth, round, homogeneous benign tumor of the adrenal cortex associated with Cushing’s syndrome

Answer 6

adenoma

Question 7

Condition caused by hyposecretion from the adrenal cortex

Answer 7

Addison’s diseases

Question 8

Condition caused by hypersecretion of hormones from the adrenal cortex

Answer 8

Cushing’s syndrome

Question 9

Malignancy that primarily affects the lymph nodes, spleen, or liver

Answer 9

lymphoma

Question 10

Early embryonic tissue that will eventually develop into the brain and spinal cord

Answer 10

neuroectodermal tissue

Question 11

Malignant adrenal mass that is seen in pediatric patients

Answer 11

neuroblastoma

Question 12

Benign adrenal tumor that secretes hormones that produce hypertension

Answer 12

pheochromocytoma

Question 13

Any disorder characterized by enlargement of the lymph nodes or lymph vessels

Answer 13

lymphadenopathy

Question 14

The retroperitoneal space is the area between the posterior of the ______ and the _____ abdominal wall muscles

Answer 14

parietal, posterior

Question 15

The retroperitoneal space is subdivided in to three spaces : the _______ space, the _____space, and the _____ space.

Answer 15

anterior pararenal, parirenal, posterior

Question 16

The ______ space surrounds the kidney, adrenal, and perirenal fat.

Answer 16

parirenal

Question 17

The _________ space includes the duodenum, pancreas, and ascending and transverse colon.

Answer 17

anterior pararenal

Question 18

The _____ space includes the iliopsoas muscle, ureter, and branches of the inferior vena cava and their lymphatics

Answer 18

posterior pararenal

Question 19

The right renal artery is more _____ to the kidney, whereas the left adrenal is more _____ to the kidney.

Answer 19

superior, medial

Question 20

The right renal artery crosses ______ to the crus and______ to the inferior vena at the level of the right kidney.

Answer 20

anterior, posterior

Question 21

The _____ muscle, the fascia of which merges with posterior transversalis, fascia, makes up the medial border of this posterior space

Answer 21

psoas

Question 22

The male sex hormones are _____, and the female sex hormones are _____

Answer 22

androgen, estrogen

Question 23

Hypo function of the adrenal cortex in humans is called _____ disease

Answer 23

Addison’s

Question 24

The steroids secreted by the adrenal cortex fall into the following three main categories:______, _____, and ____.

Answer 24

mineralocorticoids, glucocorticoids, sex hormone

Question 25

The principal mineralocorticoid is _____

Answer 25

aldosterone

Question 26

______ play a principal role in carbohydrate metabolism

Answer 26

Glucocorticoids

Question 27

The primary glucocorticoids are _____ and ____

Answer 27

cortisone, hydrocortisone

Question 28

Adrenal tumors in women can promote secondary _____ characteristics.

Answer 28

masculine

Question 29

The adrenal cortex is controlled by _____ hormone (ACTH) from the pituitary.

Answer 29

adrendcorticotropic

Question 30

Epinephire and norepinphrine are amines, sometimes referred to as _____, that elevate the blood pressure

Answer 30

catecholamines

Question 31

Adrenal hemorrhages are more common in neonates who experienced a traumatic delivery that included ____, ____, and ___

Answer 31

stress, asphyxia, septicemia

Question 32

The clinical symptoms of pheochrmocytoma include intermittent ____, severe _____, heart _____, and excess perspiration

Answer 32

hypertension, headaches, palpitation

Question 33

A ______ is a walled-off collection of extravasated urine that develops spontaneously after trauma, surgery, or subacute or chronic urinary obstruction

Answer 33

urinoma