Ch 11 Gallbladder and the Biliary System Flashcards
ampulla of Vater
Small opening in the duodenum in which the pancreatic and common bile duct enter to release secretions
bilirubin
Yellow pigment in bile formed by the breakdown of red blood cells
cholecystectomy
Removal of the gallbladder
common bile duct
Extends from the point where the common hepatic duct meets the cystic duct; drains into the duodenum after it joins with the main pancreatic duct
common hepatic duct
Bile duct system that drains the liver into the common bile duct
cystic duct
Connects the gallbladder to the common hepatic duct
gallbladder
Storage pouch for bile
Hartmann’s pouch
Small part of the gallbladder that lies near the cystic duct where stones may collect
Heister’s valve
Tiny valves found within the cystic duct
hydrops
Massive Enlargement of the gallbladder
pancreatic duct
Travel horizontally through the pancreas to join the common bile duct at the ampulla of Vater
phrygian cap
Gallbladder variant in which part of the fundus is bent back on itself
porta hepatis
Central area of the liver where the portal vein, common duct, and hepatic artery enter
sphincter of Oddi
Small muscle that guards the ampulla of Vater
common duct
Refers to common bile and hepatic duct when cystic duct is not seen
adenomyomatosis
Small polypoid projection from the gallbladder wall
cholangitis
Inflammation of the bile duct
cholecystitis
Inflammation of the gallbladder; maybe acute or chronic
cholecystokinin
Hormone secreted into the blood by the mucosa of the upper small intestine; stimulates contraction of the gallbladder and pancreatic secretion of enzymes
choledochal cyst
Cystic growth on the common duct that may cause obstruction
choledocholithiasis
Stones in the bile duct
cholelithiasis
Gallstones in the gallbladder
cholesterolosis
Variant of adenomyomatosis; cholesterol polyps
jaundice
Excessive bilirubin accumulation causes yellow pigmentation of the skin; first seen in the whites of the eyes