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Patho Test 1 Evolve/Elsevier > Ch. 16 Alterations in Cognitive Systems, Cerebral Hemodynamics, and Motor Function > Flashcards

Ch. 16 Alterations in Cognitive Systems, Cerebral Hemodynamics, and Motor Function Flashcards

1
Q 
Which of the following is NOT a basic neural system essential for the cognitive sphere?
  Attentional systems
  Memory and language systems
  Affective or emotive systems
  Sensory systems
A

Sensory systems

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2
Q 
A person has a structural problem that is located within the brain tissue, and it is causing a decreased level of consciousness. Which of the following terms BEST describes this location?
  Infratentorial
  Intracerebral
  Extracerebral
  Subdural
A

Intracerebral

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3
Q 
Which of the following is NOT one of the five categories of neurologic function that are classified as critical for evaluation?
  Level of consciousness
  Pattern of breathing
  Heart rate 
  Eye position
A

Heart rate

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4
Q

A person is diagnosed with Cheyne-Stokes respirations (CSR). Which of the following is a TRUE statement?
Pathophysiology involves an increased ventilatory response.
There is hypocapnia and increased ventilatory stimulus.
Changes in PaO2 produce irregular breathing.
The PaCO2 level increases when overbreathing occurs.

A

Pathophysiology involves an increased ventilatory response

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5
Q

An individual experiences significant vomiting with a CNS injury. Which of the following is TRUE regarding CNS injury and vomiting?
Impinges directly on the floor of the third ventricle
Causes a decrease in intracranial pressure
Involves the vestibular nuclei
Vomiting with no nausea indicates abdominal involvement

A

Involves the vestibular nuclei

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6
Q 
An individual in a coma presents with pinhole-sized pupils. Which medication would produce this size pupil?
  Atropine
  Scopolamine
  Opiates 
  Amphetamines
A

Opiates

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7
Q 
Which of the following is NOT a criterion when determining brain death?
  Unresponsive coma
  No spontaneous respiration
  Isoelectric EEG
  Ocular response to head turning
A

Ocular response to head turning

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8
Q 
A woman has sustained a traumatic brain injury. She is able to follow simple commands and can manipulate objects. Which of the following terms BEST describes this state?
  Coma
  Vegetative
  Minimally conscious 
  Locked-in syndrome
A

Minimally conscious

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9
Q

Which of the following is the BEST definition of a person with akinetic mutism?
Has severe disturbance in motivation
Can follow simple commands and manipulate objects
Is in a wakeful unconsciousness
Is unarousable and unresponsive

A

Has severe disturbance in motivation

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10
Q

A 19-year-old woman sustains a nontraumatic brain injury. Which of the following is a TRUE statement regarding prognostic indicators?
She has a 91% death rate if pupils are nonreactive at 24 hours.
She has a 95% death rate when pupillary reflexes are absent at 6 hours.
Prognosis is established later in the course versus the prognosis of traumatic brain injury.
Absence of eye opening at 24 hours predicts death or severe disability.

A

Absence of eye opening at 24 hours predicts death or severe disability

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11
Q 
Which of the following is NOT a means of classifying a seizure?
  Clinical manifestations
  Site of origin
  Length of activity 
  EEG correlates
A

Length of activity

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12
Q 
A person experiences a unilateral, focal seizure and maintains consciousness. Which of the following is the appropriate term for this type of seizure?
  Generalized
  Partial
  Secondary
  Status epilepticus
A

Partial

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13
Q 
A person is in status epilepticus. What is the greatest concern when treating these individuals?
  Cerebral hypoxia 
  Aspiration
  Bleeding of the tongue
  Musculoskeletal trauma
A

Cerebral hypoxia

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14
Q

A person is having a seizure and is currently in the tonic phase. Which of the following BEST describes this phase of a seizure?
Phase of muscle contraction with increased muscle tone
Phase of alternating contraction and relaxation of muscle
Phase immediately following seizure
Phase of complete paralysis

A

Phase of muscle contraction with increased muscle tone

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15
Q 
A person is describing a loss of past memories. For which of the following disorders is this a characteristic?
  Extinction
  Dysmnesia
  Sensory inattentiveness
  Nondeclarative memory
A

Dysmnesia

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16
Q 
A person is experiencing difficulty in recognizing a pattern. He cannot recognize the form and nature of objects. Which of the following is the term that describes this condition?
  Agnosia 
  Aphasia
  Dysphasia
  Alzheimer
17
Q 
Which term describes a person who is experiencing a loss of comprehension or production of language?
  Dysphasia
  Aphasia
  Expressive dysphasia
  Transcortical dysphasia
18
Q 
A man has a contusion that has developed over 2 to 3 days. He is restless and irritable. He is brought to the physician’s office. Which of the following best describes this condition?
  Alzheimer
  Dementia
  Delirium
  Coma
19
Q

Which of the following is NOT one of the mechanisms in the dementing process?
Degeneration possibly caused by genetics
Atherosclerosis
Trauma
Decreased intracranial pressure

A

Decreased intracranial pressure

20
Q

Which of the following is TRUE regarding Alzheimer disease?
Uncommon neurologic disorder
No genetic relationship
Associated with Down syndrome
Plaques increase nerve impulse transmission

A

Associated with Down syndrome

21
Q 
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of Alzheimer disease?
  Rapid onset
  Memory loss
  Increased irritability
  Anxiety and depression
A

Rapid onset

22
Q 
A person experiences a traumatic brain injury and has herniation of the brain that is straight downward through the tentorial notch. Which of the following types of herniation is this?
  Supratentorial
  Central
  Cingulate
  Uncal
23
Q 
A person experiences edema in the brain caused by movement of CSF from the ventricles into the extracellular space. What type of edema does this describe?
  Vasogenic
  Cytotoxic
  Ischemic
  Interstitial
A

Interstitial

24
Q

4.ID: 37622818
A person experiences clonus. Which of the following BEST describes this?
Spreading of spasticity accompanied by increased deep tendon reflexes
Resistance to passive movement
Tonic reflex activity
Weakness with impairment of motor function

A

Spreading of spasticity accompanied by increased deep tendon reflexes

25
Q 
A woman sustains a CVA. She has paralysis on the left side. Which of the following BEST describes this condition?
  Hemiplegia
  Paraplegia
  Diplegia
  Quadriplegia
A

Hemiplegia

26
Q

A person is diagnosed with Huntington disease. Which of the following is TRUE?
Occurs commonly
Is a nonhereditary disease
Is also known as chorea
Onset usually between the ages of 50 and 70 years

A

Is also known as chorea

27
Q 
A man is diagnosed with Parkinson disease. Which of the following symptoms would he expect to appear first in the course of his illness?
  Inability to walk
  Tremor 
  Postural instability
  Rigidity

Patho Test 1 Evolve/Elsevier (19 decks)

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