Ch. 14 Urinary System Flashcards
ren/o
kidney
nephr/o
kidney
hil/o
hilum
pyel/o
renal pelvis, basin
calyc/o
renal calices, cup-like structure
calic/o
renal calices, cup-like structure
glomerul/o
glomerulus of the nephron, little ball
ureter/o
ureter
vesic/o
bladder, sac, vesicle
cyst/o
bladder, sac, cyst
urethr/o
urethra
meat/o
opening, passageway
-uresis
to urinate, involuntary urination
mict/o
to urinate
mictur/o
to urinate
ur/o
urine
-uria
urine
urin/o
urine
ure/o
urea
uric/o
uric acid
azot/o
nitrogenous waste; nitrogen
kali/o
potassium
kal/o
potassium
calc/o
calcium, line
natri/o
sodium
natr/o
sodium
nitrit/o
nitrite (a salt of nitrous acid)
creatin/o
creatine
albumin/o
albumin, protein
ket/o
ketone
gluc/o
sugar, glucose
glyc/o
sugar, glucose
melit/o
honey, sugar, bees
alkal/o
basic, Alkali
alkalin/o
basic, Alkali
acid/o
acidic, acid
sthen/o
strength, specific gravity
chrom/o
color
chromat/o
color
flav/o
yellow (bright)
xanth/o
yellow
lute/o
yellow (pale)
erythr/o
red
rrhod/o
rose color
porphyr/o
purple, dark red
cyan/o
blue
fusc/o
brown
chlor/o
green
melan/o
black
phae/o
gray
phe/o
gray
albin/o
white
calcul/o
stone
lith/o
stone, lithium
-tripsy
to rub, crush
-lapaxy
surgical evacuation (of a stone)
-clasty
surgical breaking (of a stone)
cather/o
catheter
plan/o
wandering
-plania
wandering
grad/o
step, walk, go
-grade
step, walk, go
nephroptosis
prolapse or downward displacement of the kidney
nephrosis
degenerative changes in the kidney, typically the tubules
nephrosclerosis
hardening of the kidney tissue, particularly renal tubules
hypernatremia
excessive sodium in the blood
hyponatremia
deficiency of sodium in the blood
lithiasis
formation of stones, particularly in the kidneys
ureterolithiasis
presence or formation of stones in the ureters
lithotomy
the cutting to remove a stone from the bladder, kidney, or urinary tract
lithotripsy
surgical breaking of a stone, usually by sound waves
lithoclasty
surgical breaking of a stone with a forceps
litholapaxy
breaking and immediate washing out of stone
urochrome
pigment that gives urine its color
achromaturia
passing of colorless urine
albinuria
passing of colorless urine
urorrhodin
rose-colored red pigment in urine
uroporphyrin
dark red (purple) pigment in urine
uroxanthin
yellow pigment in the urine
uroflavin
bright yellow pigment in urine
urolutein
pale yellow (associated with our urine) pigment in urine
urofuscin
brown pigment in urine
urophein
gray pigment in urine
urophaein
gray pigment in urine
urochlorin
green pigment in urine
albuminuria
presence of protein, particularly albumin, in urine
glucosuria
excessive amount of glucose in the urine
ketonuria
excessive number of ketones in the urine
hypercalciuria
excessive concentration of calcium in the urine
azoturia
increase in nitrogenous compounds in the urine
nitrituria
high levels of nitrites in the urine
alkalinuria
high pH (greater than 7) or basic urine
aciduria
low pH (lower than 7) or acidic urine
hypersthenuria
high specific gravity of urine
hyposthenuria
low specific gravity of urine
anuria
lack of urine production
oliguria
small amounts of urine per day, scanty amount of urine production
polyuria
frequent or excessive urination
nocturia
excessive urination at night
hematuria
blood in the urine
pyuria
pus in the urine
dysuria
painful or difficult urination
uroplania
presence or discharge of urine from parts other than the urinary tract
antegrade
movement forward or with the flow
retrograde
step back, not the right direction; backward or against the flow
plantigrade
walking on the soles of the feet
ex. squirrel
digitigrade
walking on its toes
ex. dog
unguligrade
walking on hooves
ex. deer
azot-
comes from the Greek word for ‘lifeless’
anuresis
lack of ability to urinate
enuresis
urinating on something (can’t hold urine in); involuntary urination or urinary incontinence
diuresis
increased excretion of urine by the kidneys
diuretic
medication that causes urination
nocturnal enuresis
bed wetting
Diurnal enuresis
Urinary stress incontinence (pees in pants)
ischuria
suppression or retention of urine
uroschesis
suppression or retention of urine
urethrostenosis
narrowing of the urethra
nephritis
inflammation of the kidney
pyelitis
inflammation of the renal pelvis
cystitis
inflammation of the bladder
meatitis
inflammation of the opening of the urethra
asteres planetai
In ancient Greek astronomy, planets were called ‘wandering stars’
phthorion
a suppository/tampon that was filled with organic material that could produce an abortion (against Oath as it dangerous)
