Ch. 10 Word Elements for the Anatomy of the Nervous System Flashcards
nerv/o
nerve
neur/o
nerve, sinew
crani/o
cranium (portion of the skull that encloses the brain)
cephal/o
head
encephal/o
brain
-encephalon
brain
cerebr/o
cerebrum (largest part of the brain), brain
cerebell/o
cerebellum, little brain
pont/o
pons, bridge-like structure
limb/o
limbic system, border
hippocamp/o
hippocampus, seahorse
thalam/o
thalamus (mass of gray matter located in the diencephalon), chamber, inner room
amygdal/o
amygdala (almond-shaped nuclei in the temporal lobe), almond, tonsil
nucle/o
nucleus (group of neuronal cell bodies), core, little nut or kernel
mening/o
meninx (one of the three membranes enveloping the brain and spinal cord), membrane
lept/o
thin
-meninx
meninx (one of the three membranes enveloping the brain and spinal cord), membrane
pachy-
thick
pach/o
thick
arachn/o
arachnoid membrane, spider, spider-like
dur/o
dura mater membrane, hard
lob/o
lobe
gyr/o
gyrus (a convolution of the cerebrum), circle, ring
sulc/o
sulcus (groove of brain), furrow, groove
fissur/o
fissure, deep, groove
ventricul/o
ventricle (of the brain), cavity
cortic/o
cortex (cerebrum), outer layer, bark
myel/o
spinal cord, marrow
medull/o
medulla, marrow
poli/o
gray, gray matter of CNS
fascicul/o
fascicle, bundle of longitudinal fibers
funicul/o
funicle, rope-like
radicul/o
nerve root, root
radic/o
nerve root, root
rhiz/o
nerve root, root
ram/o
nerve branch, branch
plex/o
plexus (interwoven network of nerves, blood, lymphatic vessels)
gangli/o
ganglion (groups of nerve cells)
gli/o
glia (supporting tissue of the nervous system), glue
somat/o
body (body of neuron)
som/o
body (body of neuron)
-some
body (body of neuron)
dendr/o
dendrite (part of neuron), tree, branched structure
ax/o
axon (long process of a neuron), axle, axis
not/o
the back
spin/o
spine, thorn, vertebral column
vertebr/o
vertebra, back bone
spondyl/o
vertebra
corticoefferent
bearing away from the cortex
pachymeninges
thick dura mater
leptomeninges
thin dura mater
dura mater
hard, thick membrane
pia mater
“devoted mother,” closest to the brain
matricide
killing mother
cryothalamectomy
destruction of a portion of the thalamus by application of extreme cold
thalamophora
carrying a chamber
astroglia
shaped like a star
ectoglia
outside glue or cell
polioclastic
eating neurons, gray matter
nuciferous
bearing nuts
nuciform
shaped like a nut or kernel
radicivorous
eats roots
Galen’s notiaios myelonos
spinal cord
Galen’s parenkephalis
cerebellum (alongside the brain)
hydrocephalus
accumulation of excessive amounts of cerebral spinal fluid (CSF) in the ventricles
afferent - moving towards
-petal
efferent - moving away
-fugal
fissura
anatomical groove that is typically the deepest and commonly associated with separating lobes on an organ
fossa
a small cavity or depression, as in a bone
sulcus
a furrow, groove, or fissure esp. on the surface of the brain