Ch. 12 Endocrine System Flashcards
glandul/o
glandule, gland
aden/o
gland
crin/o
to secrete
-crine
to secrete
apic/o
tip, summit, end
hol/o
whole, entire
mer/o
partial, part
pine/o
pineal gland, pine cone
pineal/o
pineal gland, pine cone
thyr/o
thyroid gland
thyroid/o
thyroid gland
parathyroid/o
parathyroid gland
pitui/o
pituitary gland, hypophysis (‘outgrowth’)
pituitar/o
pituitary gland, hypophysis
pancreat/o
pancreas
hypophys/o
hypophysis, pituitary gland
thym/o
thymus gland
ovari/o
ovary
oophor/o
ovary
test/o
testicle, testis, witness
testicul/o
testicle, testis, witness
orch/o
testicle; orchid (the flower)
orchid/o
testicle; orchid (the flower)
gonad/o
testicle or ovary
adren/o
adrenal gland, suprarenal gland
supraren/o
suprarenal gland, adrenal gland
cortic/o
cortex, outer surface, bark
medull/o
medulla, marrow
hormon/o
hormone
-in
hormone or chemical substance
-ine
hormone or chemical substance
trop/o
hormone that stimulates something: a turn, turning, change
troph/o
growth, nourishment
ag/o
hormones that promotes something: leading forth, duct
agog/o
hormones that promotes something: leading forth, duct
-agogue
hormones that promotes something: leading forth, duct
gest/o
hormone that helps with bearing (progestin); to carry, produce, bear
-gest
hormone that helps with bearing (progestin); to carry, produce, bear
ger/o
hormone that helps with bearing (progestin); to carry, produce, bear
-ger
hormone that helps with bearing (progestin); to carry, produce, bear
poiet/o
hormone that stimulates the production/making of something (-poietin); to make or produce
-poiesis
hormone that stimulates the production/making of something (-poietin); to make or produce
stat/o
hormone that inhibits/stops something (-statin); to stand or stop
gen/o
hormone that produces something, become, produced, born
-gen
hormone that produces something, become, produced, born
kin/o
hormone or chemical that stimulates activity, movement (-kinin), action
cin/o
hormone or chemical that stimulates activity, movement (-kinin), action
-kinesis
hormone or chemical that stimulates activity, movement (-kinin), action
-cinesis
hormone or chemical that stimulates activity, movement (-kinin), action
gynec/o
female, woman, pistil of a flower
gyn/o
female, woman, pistil of a flower
andr/o
male, man, stamen of a flower
liber/o
a hormone or chemical that releases another hormone (-liberin), to free
estr/o
estrogen, estrus cycle (breeding period), sexual desire
insul/o
insulin (hormone produced in pancreas that regulates amount of glucose in blood), island
gluc/o
sugar, glucose
glyc/o
sugar, glucose
lact/o
milk, lactose
ton/o
a hormone that produces a healthy strength or tension (-tonin) of something; tension, stretching, tone (esp. in muscles)
toc/o
labor, parturition
tok/o
labor, parturition
gigant/o
giant, large
meg/o
large
megal/o
large
-megaly
large
nan/o
dwarf, very small, one billionth
nann/o
dwarf, very small, one billionth
cretin/o
cretinism
mel/o
limb
melit/o
honey, sugar, bees
mel/o (1st def.)
honey, sugar, bees
ur/o
urine
-uria
urine
sial/o
saliva
orex/i
appetite
-orexia
appetite
phag/o
to swallow, eat
dips/o
thirst
hirsut/o
hairy
myx/o
mucus
priv/o
deprived of
-privia
deprived of
bubon/o
a swollen gland
glans
‘acorn’ in Classical Latin
glandula
‘little acorn’ in Classical Latin
merocrine
partial secretion; A gland whose secretions include part of the secretion cell (ex. salivary gland)
holocrine
whole secretion (whole cell); A gland whose altered cells make up the product of its secretion (ex. sebaceous gland)
apocrine
tip or top of the cell becomes the secretion; A gland whose apical portion of the cell becomes a part of the secretion (ex. mammary glands)
crinogenic
creates secretion
autocrine
self-secreting
heterocrine
secreting something other than probably what they’re supposed to
exocrine gland
a gland that secretes its products outside the gland via a duct
endocrine gland
a gland that secretes its products into the blood vessels inside of the gland; hormones are associated with endocrine glands
endocrinologist
physician who specializes in hormones and the glands that produce them
glycosialia
sugar in the saliva
hyperthyroidism
excessive secretion of the thyroid gland
hypothyroidism
diminished secretion of the thyroid gland
hyperorexia
a marked increase in appetite
hyporexia
marked decrease in appetite
polyuria
frequent urination
polydipsia
excessive thirst
hyperdipsia
excessive thirst
glucosuria
presence of glucose in the urine
glycosuria
presence of glucose in the urine
hyperglycemia
excessive amount of glucose in the blood
monomelic
one limb
nanomelic
small limbs
hyperkalemia
abnormally increased potassium in the blood
exophthalmos
bulging eyes
acromegaly
enlarged limbs
cretinism
underactivity of the thyroid gland (hypothyroidism) in children that produces dwarfism and arrest mental development
achondroplasia
inhibits the growth plates in the long bones
