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Human Anatomy > Ch 14 &15 PNA & ANS > Flashcards

Ch 14 &15 PNA & ANS Flashcards

1
Q

Structures that are apart of the PNS:

A

Nerves, Sensory receptors, Ganglia & Motor endings

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2
Q

Receptors that monitor the degree of stretch in a muscle or joint capsule are:

A

Proprioceptors

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3
Q

Pain receptors are classified as:

A

Nociceptors

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4
Q

In hairless areas, light touch is sensed by:

A

Meissner’s corpuscles

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5
Q

Muscle spindles, Golgi tendon organs, and joint kinesthetic receptors are all examples of:

A

proprioceptors

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6
Q

How many pairs of cranial nerves are there?

A

12

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7
Q

Most cranial nerves arise from the:

A

Brain stem

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8
Q

Which cranial nerve extends into the chest and abdomen?

A

Vagus

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9
Q

Cranial nerves are:

A

Motor nerves, sensory nerves, mixed nerves

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10
Q

The nerve which arises from the side of the pons is the

A

Trigeminal

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11
Q

The dorsal root ganglion contains:

A

Cell bodies of sensory neurons

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12
Q

The ventral root contains:

A

Motor neurons

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13
Q

Which of these attach directly to the spinal cord?

A

Rootlets

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14
Q

All spinal nerves are:

A

Mixed nerves

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15
Q

The skin and muscle of the back are innervated by the:

A

Dorsal rami

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16
Q

The intercostal nerves are formed from the:

A

Thoracic ventral rami

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17
Q

The cervical, lumbar and sacral ventral rami enter a__________before going on to innervate a body part.

A

plexus

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18
Q

Involved with hearing and balance

A

Vestibulocochlear nerve

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19
Q

Exerts control over sternocleidomastoid and trapezius muscles

A

Spinal accessory nerve

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20
Q

Responsible for contraction of superior oblique eye muscle

A

Trochlear nerve

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21
Q

Controls muscles of facial expression; involved with lacrimal and salivary glands and senses taste from the anterior 2/3 of tongue

A

Facial

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22
Q

Controls muscles of pharynx for swallowing and larynx for speech; involved with visceral motility of GI tract, heart; sensory nerve from visceral organs ; major nerve for organs in thoracic and abdominal cavities

A

Vagus

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23
Q

Motor nerve for muscles of swallowing and parotid salivary gland; sense taste from posterior 1/3 of tongue

A

Glossopharyngeal

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24
Q

Sense of smell

A

Olfactory

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25
Responsible for contraction of four extrinsic eye muscles
Oculomotor
26
Responsible for contraction of lateral rectus eye muscle
Abducens
27
Controls tongue muscles
Hypoglossal
28
Involved with vision
Optic
29
Has three branches: opthalmic, maxillary, & mandibular
Trigeminal
30
This branch of #29 is a sensory nerve from the palate & upper jaw
Maxillary branch
31
This branch of #29 is a sensory nerve from the lower teeth and jaw; also a motor to muscles of mastication
Mandibular branch
32
This branch of #29 is a sensory nerve from the forehead and cornea
Opthalmic branch
33
Brachial plexus:
Ulnar nerve, Axillary nerve, Median nerve, Radial nerve & Musculocutaneous nerve
34
Cervical plexus:
Phrenic nerve
35
Lumbar plexus:
Obturator nerve, Femoral nerve
36
Sacral plexus
Scoatic nerve, Common fibular nerve, Pudenal nerve
37
Sciatic nerve innervates
Hamstring muscles
38
Common fibular nerve innervates
Tibialis anterior, fibularis muscles
39
Median nerve innervates
Lateral hand
40
Pudenal nerve innervates
External genitalia
41
Ulnar nerve innervates
Medial hand, flexors
42
Phrenic nerve innervates
Diaphram
43
Femoral nerve innervates
Quadriceps muslces
44
Axillary nerve innervates
Deltoid, teres minor
45
Obturator nerve innervates
Adductor muscles
46
Tibial nerve innervates
Gastrocnemius, soleus
47
Musculocutaneous nerve innervates
Biceps brachii
48
Radial nerve innervates
Triceps brachii
49
Autonomic motor system characteristics:
Two neurons in pathway, include ganglia in pathway, effector is smooth muscle or a gland, and lightly myelinated
50
Somatic motor system characteristics:
One neuron in pathway, effector is a skeletal muscle, no ganglia, and heavily myelinated
51
Preganglionic neuron: ANS
Axon synapses in autonomic ganglion, and cell body in brain or spinal cord
52
Ganglionic neuron: ANS
Cell body in autonomic ganglion, and axon synapses with effector organ
53
Sympathetic division
Nerves come from thoracic and lumbar regions of spinal cord, Preganglionic neurons branch profusely,Preganglionic neurons synapse directly with adrenal medulla,Pre- and postganglionic fibers synapse in sympathetic chain or collateral ganglia, inhibits digestion, increases heart rate, and long term effects
54
Parasympathetic division
Nerves come from brain and sacral region of spinal cord, Both pre- and postganglionic fibers release acetylcholine, Pre- and postganglionic fibers synapse at intramural ganglia, stimulates digestion, decreases heart rate, short term effects and includes vagus nerve
55
What neurotransmitter is released by a postganglionic sympathetic neuron?
norepinephrine
56
What gland works along with the sympathetic nervous system?
adrenal medulla
57
The effects of the sympathetic system are:
generalized and long-lasting
58
Sympathetic nerves that synapse in the collateral ganglia are called:
spanchnic nerves
59
Sympathetic division causes:
goosebumps, dilation of pupils, sweating, dilation of bronchioles, increased blood flow to skeletal muscles and increased metabolic rate
60
Parasympathetic division causes:
voiding of urine, constricion of pupil, slows and steadies heart, and increased activity of glands associated with digestion
61
Almost all visceral sensory receptors are__________scattered throughout the visceral organs.
unencapsulated free nerve endings
62
What would cause a greater sensation of visceral pain?
excessive stretching of an organ
63
The phenomenon in which visceral pain is perceived as originating from the skin or outer body is called:
Referred pain
64
Pain in the skin of the cheeks, upper left chest, and medial side of the left arm could indicate:
a heart attack
65
Some visceral reflex arcs occur entirely within the wall of an organ and do not involve the CNS.
TRUE
66
Which of these exerts the most direct influence over the ANS?
brain stem
67
Which of these is the main integration center of the ANS?
hypothalamus

Human Anatomy (8 decks)

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