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Human Anatomy > Ch 14 &15 PNA & ANS > Flashcards

Ch 14 &15 PNA & ANS Flashcards

1
Q

Structures that are apart of the PNS:

A

Nerves, Sensory receptors, Ganglia & Motor endings

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2
Q

Receptors that monitor the degree of stretch in a muscle or joint capsule are:

A

Proprioceptors

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3
Q

Pain receptors are classified as:

A

Nociceptors

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4
Q

In hairless areas, light touch is sensed by:

A

Meissner’s corpuscles

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5
Q

Muscle spindles, Golgi tendon organs, and joint kinesthetic receptors are all examples of:

A

proprioceptors

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6
Q

How many pairs of cranial nerves are there?

A

12

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7
Q

Most cranial nerves arise from the:

A

Brain stem

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8
Q

Which cranial nerve extends into the chest and abdomen?

A

Vagus

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9
Q

Cranial nerves are:

A

Motor nerves, sensory nerves, mixed nerves

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10
Q

The nerve which arises from the side of the pons is the

A

Trigeminal

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11
Q

The dorsal root ganglion contains:

A

Cell bodies of sensory neurons

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12
Q

The ventral root contains:

A

Motor neurons

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13
Q

Which of these attach directly to the spinal cord?

A

Rootlets

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14
Q

All spinal nerves are:

A

Mixed nerves

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15
Q

The skin and muscle of the back are innervated by the:

A

Dorsal rami

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16
Q

The intercostal nerves are formed from the:

A

Thoracic ventral rami

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17
Q

The cervical, lumbar and sacral ventral rami enter a__________before going on to innervate a body part.

A

plexus

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18
Q

Involved with hearing and balance

A

Vestibulocochlear nerve

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19
Q

Exerts control over sternocleidomastoid and trapezius muscles

A

Spinal accessory nerve

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20
Q

Responsible for contraction of superior oblique eye muscle

A

Trochlear nerve

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21
Q

Controls muscles of facial expression; involved with lacrimal and salivary glands and senses taste from the anterior 2/3 of tongue

A

Facial

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22
Q

Controls muscles of pharynx for swallowing and larynx for speech; involved with visceral motility of GI tract, heart; sensory nerve from visceral organs ; major nerve for organs in thoracic and abdominal cavities

A

Vagus

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23
Q

Motor nerve for muscles of swallowing and parotid salivary gland; sense taste from posterior 1/3 of tongue

A

Glossopharyngeal

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24
Q

Sense of smell

A

Olfactory

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25
Q

Responsible for contraction of four extrinsic eye muscles

A

Oculomotor

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26
Q

Responsible for contraction of lateral rectus eye muscle

A

Abducens

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27
Q

Controls tongue muscles

A

Hypoglossal

28
Q

Involved with vision

A

Optic

29
Q

Has three branches: opthalmic, maxillary, & mandibular

A

Trigeminal

30
Q

This branch of #29 is a sensory nerve from the palate & upper jaw

A

Maxillary branch

31
Q

This branch of #29 is a sensory nerve from the lower teeth and jaw; also a motor to muscles of mastication

A

Mandibular branch

32
Q

This branch of #29 is a sensory nerve from the forehead and cornea

A

Opthalmic branch

33
Q

Brachial plexus:

A

Ulnar nerve, Axillary nerve, Median nerve, Radial nerve & Musculocutaneous nerve

34
Q

Cervical plexus:

A

Phrenic nerve

35
Q

Lumbar plexus:

A

Obturator nerve, Femoral nerve

36
Q

Sacral plexus

A

Scoatic nerve, Common fibular nerve, Pudenal nerve

37
Q

Sciatic nerve innervates

A

Hamstring muscles

38
Q

Common fibular nerve innervates

A

Tibialis anterior, fibularis muscles

39
Q

Median nerve innervates

A

Lateral hand

40
Q

Pudenal nerve innervates

A

External genitalia

41
Q

Ulnar nerve innervates

A

Medial hand, flexors

42
Q

Phrenic nerve innervates

A

Diaphram

43
Q

Femoral nerve innervates

A

Quadriceps muslces

44
Q

Axillary nerve innervates

A

Deltoid, teres minor

45
Q

Obturator nerve innervates

A

Adductor muscles

46
Q

Tibial nerve innervates

A

Gastrocnemius, soleus

47
Q

Musculocutaneous nerve innervates

A

Biceps brachii

48
Q

Radial nerve innervates

A

Triceps brachii

49
Q

Autonomic motor system characteristics:

A

Two neurons in pathway, include ganglia in pathway, effector is smooth muscle or a gland, and lightly myelinated

50
Q

Somatic motor system characteristics:

A

One neuron in pathway, effector is a skeletal muscle, no ganglia, and heavily myelinated

51
Q

Preganglionic neuron: ANS

A

Axon synapses in autonomic ganglion, and cell body in brain or spinal cord

52
Q

Ganglionic neuron: ANS

A

Cell body in autonomic ganglion, and axon synapses with effector organ

53
Q

Sympathetic division

A

Nerves come from thoracic and lumbar regions of spinal cord, Preganglionic neurons branch profusely,Preganglionic neurons synapse directly with adrenal medulla,Pre- and postganglionic fibers synapse in sympathetic chain or collateral ganglia, inhibits digestion, increases heart rate, and long term effects

54
Q

Parasympathetic division

A

Nerves come from brain and sacral region of spinal cord, Both pre- and postganglionic fibers release acetylcholine, Pre- and postganglionic fibers synapse at intramural ganglia, stimulates digestion, decreases heart rate, short term effects and includes vagus nerve

55
Q

What neurotransmitter is released by a postganglionic sympathetic neuron?

A

norepinephrine

56
Q

What gland works along with the sympathetic nervous system?

A

adrenal medulla

57
Q

The effects of the sympathetic system are:

A

generalized and long-lasting

58
Q

Sympathetic nerves that synapse in the collateral ganglia are called:

A

spanchnic nerves

59
Q

Sympathetic division causes:

A

goosebumps, dilation of pupils, sweating, dilation of bronchioles, increased blood flow to skeletal muscles and increased metabolic rate

60
Q

Parasympathetic division causes:

A

voiding of urine, constricion of pupil, slows and steadies heart, and increased activity of glands associated with digestion

61
Q

Almost all visceral sensory receptors are__________scattered throughout the visceral organs.

A

unencapsulated free nerve endings

62
Q

What would cause a greater sensation of visceral pain?

A

excessive stretching of an organ

63
Q

The phenomenon in which visceral pain is perceived as originating from the skin or outer body is called:

A

Referred pain

64
Q

Pain in the skin of the cheeks, upper left chest, and medial side of the left arm could indicate:

A

a heart attack

65
Q

Some visceral reflex arcs occur entirely within the wall of an organ and do not involve the CNS.

A

TRUE

66
Q

Which of these exerts the most direct influence over the ANS?

A

brain stem

67
Q

Which of these is the main integration center of the ANS?

A

hypothalamus

Human Anatomy (8 decks)

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