ch 13 health promotion of preschooler and family

Question 1

physical proportion changes during preschool

Answer 1

-slender but sturdy
-graceful, agile
-posture erect
-males and females similar in size and proportion

Question 2

gross motor development by 36 months

Answer 2

walking
running
climbing
jumping

Question 3

gross motor development by 4 years old

Answer 3

skips and hops on one foot
catches ball

Question 4

gross motor development by 5 years old

Answer 4

skips on alternate feet
jumps rope
learns to skate
learns to swim
starting to tie shoes

Question 5

body image development of preschooler

Answer 5

-increased awareness of self and others
-poorly defined body boundaries
-poor understanding of internal anatomy

Question 6

development of sexuality of preschooler

Answer 6

-sexual identity
-sexual beliefs
-sex typing
-gender behaviors
-sexual explorations

Question 7

social development of preschooler

Answer 7

separation-individuation process
effects of prolonged separation

Question 8

language development of preschooler
-age 4-5
-age 6

Answer 8

-age 4-5: 4 and 5 word sentences
-age 6: understands all parts of speech and can identify opposites

Question 9

personal-social behavior development of preschooler

Answer 9

-self assertion
-desire to please
-*independent in dressing, eating, toileting by ages 4/5
-internalized values
-more secure with new sibling arrival at this age

Question 10

what age can a child be independent in dressing, eating, and toileting

Answer 10

4-5 yo

Question 11

types of play in preschoolers

Answer 11

-associative play
-imitation
-imaginary playmates
-mutual play with parents

Question 12

examples associative play

Answer 12

-dress up
-using same playground equipment
-sharing toys with another kid
-*each kid has their own focus but may be talking to each other and using the same toys to play

Question 13

temperament in preschoolers

Answer 13

-more tolerant with group situations
-long term consequences of temperamental characteristics (not disciplined younger)
-influence of temperament on school success

Question 14

behavior intended to hurt a person or destroy property

Answer 14

aggression

Question 15

tips for dealing with preschooler’s aggression

Answer 15

-identify reason for frustration
-model appropriate ways to deal with frustration
-praise for positive behaviors
-reinforce correct behaviors
-professional help for parents (classes, etc)

Question 16

ascribing lifelike characteristics to inanimate objects

Answer 16

animism

Question 17

how to deal with stress as a preschooler

Answer 17

-guided imagery
-art
-schedules
-play therapy

Question 18

calorie and fluid requirements for preschooler

Answer 18

-calories: 90 cal/kg
-fluid: 100 mL/kg

Question 19

how many hours of sleep does a preschooler need a night

Answer 19

12 hours