Ch 13 (Book) Catabolism, Gluc Breakdown, TCA Cycle Flashcards
4 organic carbon sources for catabolism
carbohydrates (sugars)
lipids
peptides
aromatic molecules
carbohydrate examples
cellulose of plant cell walls
starch from potatoes
pectin of fruit
polysaccharides are ________ to products that enter central catabolic pathways like ________
hydrolyzed, glycolysis
which two polysaccharides are most widely digested
starches
pectins
out of numerous choices of substrate, why are certain ones chosen?
availability
energy efficiency
catabolic repression
the process of prioritized catabolism of substrates
ex. glucose over lactose for E. coli
sources of lipids
milk
animal fat
nuts
what are lipids catabolized to
glycerol
FA
glycerol
a 3 carbon sugar that enters catabolism as a glycolysis intermediate
could break down to acetate
how do FA enter catabolism
form acetyls by fatty acid degradation pathway
acetyls enter TCA cycle or fermentation
how are peptides catabolized
broken into aa that are decarboxylated or deaminated
lignin
an aromatic that makes up trees
broken down by fungi and soil bacteria to acetyl CoA –> TCA
in fermentation are all the e- from organic substrates returned to organic products?
yes
in respiration are the e- transferred to an inorganic electron acceptor?
yes
photoheterotrophy
bacteria gain energy from light and use organic carbon sources for catabolism/biosynthesis
fermentation
partial breakdown of organic food without transferring e- to a terminal e- acceptor
ethanol, lactate, acetate
respiration combines what 2 things
catabolic breakdown of organic molecules and e- transfer to a terminal e- acceptor
anaerobic respiration
use of a terminal electron acceptor other than O2