Ch. 13 Flashcards
The making of holed in patient’s skulls in order to allow harmful spirits to escape the body. Early form of treatment.
Trephining
Mass release of people in mental institutions. Intended to save money/benefit former inpatients. Not very successful
Deinstitutionalization
If psychological problems can be treated proactively of before severity, the suffering of the client as well as cost of care can be reduced
Prevention
A general term used to describe any kind of therapy that treats the mind and not the body
Psychotherapy
Patient disagreeing with the therapist’s interpretation because of the painful process of recognizing repressed/troubling thoughts to try and protect themselves
Resistance
When patients begin to have strong feelings toward their therapist
Transference
Therapies that highlight the importance of the patients/clients gaining understanding of their problems
Insight therapies
Focus on helping people to understand and accept themselves, and strive for self-actualization. Believe that people are innately good and possess free will.
Humanistic therapies
Carl Rodgers. Therapeutic method of providing client with unconditional positive regard and active listening. Encouraging feelings, mirroring emotions, and encouraging them to take up action.
Client/person-centered therapies
Technique which therapists seek to help client make own decisions, encourage self-talk, and clarify feelings.
Active or reflective listening
Emphasize importance of whole. Encourages clients to integrate all actions, feeling, and thoughts into a harmonious whole
Gestalt therapies
Humanistic therapies that focus on the client’s achievement of a subjectively meaningful perception of their lives
Existential therapies
Believes behavior is learned and aims to counter condition it
Behaviorist therapies
A type of classical conditioning in which an unpleasant conditioned response is replaced with a pleasant one
Counterconditioning
The process involves teaching a client to replace feelings of anxiety with relaxation
Systematic desesenstization
A rank-ordered list of what clients fear, starting with the least frightening to the most
Anxiety hierarchy
Similar to systematic desensitization. Involves having the client address most frightening anxiety-inducing thing on the hierarchy
Flooding
Involves parking a habit a person wishes to break with an unpleasant stimulus
Aversive conditioning
Thinking method to attribute all failures to internal, global, and permanent aspects of themself
Attributional styyle
Locate psychological problems in the way people think. Concentrate on changing unhealthy thought patterns
Cognitive therapy
Combines the ideas/techniques of cognitive and behavioral psychologists
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT)
To expose/confront the dysfunctional thoughts of their clients, what clients think/do
Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy (REBT)
Involves groups of people in addition to one on one client-therapist interactions
Group therapies
Biomedical orientation see the cause of disorders as organic. Imbalances in hormone, structural brain anomalies, etc.
Somatic Therapies
Most common type of somatic therapy, drug therapy
Psychopharmacology
Medication that functions by blocking the receptor sites for dopamine, but may lead to tar dive dyskinesia. Treats schizophrenia.
Antipsychotic drugs
Medication used to treat unipolar depression. Increases serotonin activity by blocking reuptake.
Antidepressants
Drugs that act by depressing the activity of the central nervous system, relaxant.
Antianxiety drugs
Electric current that passes through the brain’s 1-2 hemispheres. Used for severe depression, benefits induce brain change blood flow pattern, can cause memory loss.
Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT)
Involves the purposeful destruction of the brain to alter a person’s behavior, ex: prefrontal lobotomy
Psychosurgery
Medical doctors who are therefore the only therapists permitted to prescribe medication
Psychiatrists
Therapists that deal with people who are suffering from problems more severe than everyday difficulties with work or families
Counseling psychologies
People specifically trained in Freudian methods
Psycholanalysts
