Ch. 11: Social Structure and Demographics Flashcards
what is the focus of functionalism
the structure and function of each part of society
society is a living organism with parts and systems functioning in harmony
what is a manifest function
action is intended to help part of a system
what is a latent function
unintended benefit that flows from manifest functions
what is the focus of conflict theory
how power differentials are created and maintain social order
what is the focus of symbolic interactionism
how individuals interact through a shared understanding of words, gestures and other symbols
ex: how individuals interact within their ethnic enclave vs with the rest of a city
what is the focus of social constructionism
how individuals put together their social reality
what is the focus of rational choice theory
decision-making in individuals —> weighing pros and cons of a situation as they relate to yourself
what is the focus of exchange theory
weighing rewards and punishments as it applies to group behavior
–> extension of rational choice
what is the focus of feminist theory
explanation of social inequity due to the basis of gender
what are social institutions
established social structures that dictate patterns of behavior
ex: families, governments, education, healthcare
what is a pattern of kinship
definitions of family throughout time and culture
what is a hidden curriculum
set of social norms, attitudes, and beliefs that children learn as students
what is the effect of teacher expectancy
teachers typically get what they expect out of students, whether performance is high or low
what is the sick role
outdated view of patients by the medical system
- patients not responsible for illness
- exempt from normal social roles
- patient wants to be well and seeks out help when ill
what are the four tenets of medical ethics
beneficence - physician acts in the patient’s best interest
nonmaleficence - avoid harms that outweigh benefits
respect autonomy - patient has right to decide and chose
justice - treat similar patients with similar care, fairly distribute resources
