ch 102 History, Rank Structure, and Courtesies fundamentals Flashcards
When was the marine corps created?
10 November 1775
How many battalions were raised when the USMC was created?
2
Who is the first Commandant of the USMC?
Captain Samuel Nicholas
What year did the USMC come under the department of the navy?
1834
The National Security Act of ____, amended in ____ state the present structure of the USMC?
1947
1952
Where was the USMC created?
Tun Tavern Philadelphia Pennsylvania
When did the first Marine landing take place?
1776
In what war did the first Marine landing take place?
Revolutionary war
Where did Marines invade during the their first landing?
New Providence Island in the Bahamas
What event in USMC history lead to the nick name leatherneck?
First landing at New Providence Island, uniform of the day had stiff leather stock
What year did marines storm the barbary pirates stronghold at Burma?
1805
When did the Marines first raise the Stars and Stripes in the eastern hemisphere?
1805, Burma on the shores of Tripoli
What year did the Marines occupy the Halls of Montezuma?
1847
During what battle did the Marines occupy the Halls of Montezuma?
Battle of Chapultepec
Under Who’s command did the Marines storm Harper’s Ferry?
Colonel Robert E. Lee
What year did the Marines Storm Harpers Ferry?
1859
Who did the Marines put down at Harpers Ferry?
Slave revolt led by abolitionist John Brown
What year did the USMC adopted the EGA?
1868
Who was the Commandant responsible for the USMC the design of the EGA?
Brigadier General Jacob Zelin, 7th Commandant
What does the globe and anchor of the USMC emblem signify?
Worldwide service and sea traditions
What is the Spread Eagle on the USMC emblem a symbol of?
The Nation itself
What year did Semper Fidelis become the official motto of the USMC?
1883
What year did Marines from ships on the Asiatic station defend the American Legation in Peking China?
1900
What conflict was happening in China in 1900?
Boxer Rebellion
What year did the USMC establish its aviation unit?
1913
Who was the first pilot in the USMC?
Major Alfred A. Cunningham
What year did Marines land in France ?
1917
What Units still wear the French Fourragere?
5th and 6th Marines,
When was the Marine Corps reorganized into the Fleet Marine Force?
1933
When and where was the Marine Corps Equipment Board established?
1933 in Quantico Virginia
When did a suicide truck bomb attack the headquarters building in Lebanon?
23 October 1983
How many Americans were killed and wounded in the Suicide attack in Lebanon?
241 killed
70 wounded
When did the last USMC unit withdraw from Lebanon?
July 1984
What year was operation Desert Storm launched?
1991
When did the air phase of Desert Storm commence?
January 1991 (ask HM1 Rooney he was probably there)
What did the French rename the are of Belleau Wood that the Marines fought in?
The wood of the Brigade of Marines
What did German Intelligence evaluate the marines as, and whats significant about it?
Storm Troop
Highest rating on their fighting scale
In what battle did the Enemy call the Marines “Teufelhunden” and what does it mean?
Battle of Belleu wood
Devil Dogs
When did 1st Marine Division Land on the beaches of Guadalcanal?
7 August 1942
What battle marked the first combat test of the new amphibious doctrine?
Battle of Guadalcanal
What Islands make up the Solomon Islands?
Guadalcanal
New Georgia
Choiseul
Bougainville
Why was the battle of Guadalcanal a crucial turning point in the war?
Provided a base to launch further invasions of Japanese held islands
Of the Gilbert Islands what two were the prime objectives?
Tarawa Atoll
Betio Island
Because Tarawa Atoll and Betio Island were so heavily fotified, what did the Japanese Commander proclaim?
It would take a million Americans 100 years to conquer it
When did Mairnes land on Betio Island?
20 November 1943
How long did it take marines to secure Betio Island and Tarawa Atoll?
76 hours
Why did Marines pay such a heavy price in the Battle of Tarawa?
Extended reef that landing craft could not cross caused the Marines to offload hundreds of yards from the beaches leaving them exposed to enemy fire and many drowned as well
What Mariana Islands did Marines Land on?
Saipan
Guam
Tinian
When was the battle of Mariana Islands?
June and July 1943
Who lead the combined invasion force that fucked up the Mariana Islands?
Lieutenant General Holland M. Smith
What was significant about Lieutenant General Holland M. Smith’s command during the Battle of Marina Islands?
It was the Greatest number of troops up to that time to operate in field under Marine Command
How large was Lieutenant General Holland M Smith’s invasion force?
136,000 Soldiers and Marines
When did Marines land on Iwo Jima?
19 February 1945
What is the largest all Marine battle in History?
Iwo Jima
How many Marine Casualties were there in the Battle of Iwo Jima?
23,300
What is the Famous quote from Admiral Chester W. Nimitz regarding Iwo Jima?
“Among the Americans who served on Iwo Island, uncommon valor was a common virtue”
When was the Battle of the Chosin Reservior?
November 1950
How many commie divisons were sent to annihilate the Marines during the Battle of Chosin Reservior and how many got smashed by the Marines
10 divisions sent, Marines smashed 7 of the 10.
What significant about the retrograde movement the Marines executed during the Battle of Chosin Reservior?
Marines brought out all operable equipment
Properly evacuated wounded and dead
Maintained Tactical integrity
When was the Battle of Hue City?
January 1968 during Vietnamese holiday Tet
When was Hue City secured?
25 February 1968
Who is the grand old man of the USMC?
Brevet Brigadier General Archibald Henderson
When was Archibald Henderson Commandant of the USMC?
1820-1859, 39 years
What conflicts did Brevet Brigadier General Archibald Henderson lead the USMC through?
Indian wars
War with Mexico
Opening of china
Disorder in Central America
What did Archibald Henderson introduce to the USMC in an effort to make the USMC known as a professional military force?
Standards of personal appearance
Training
Discipline
Who is remembered for his performance at Cuzco Well (Guantanamo Bay, Cuba)?
Sergeant Major John Quick
Who won a Medal of Honor for semaphoring for an emergency lift of the naval bombardment while under Spanish and American Shellfire?
Sergeant Major John Quick
Who is recognized for earning two Medals of Honor?
Sergeant Major Dan Daly, Double-D
In what conflicts did Dan Daly earn his two medals of honor?
Chinese Boxer Rebellion
First Caco War in Hatie
What famous quote did (then) Gunnery Sergeant Daly yell to his men during the Battle of Belleau Wood?
“come on you son of bitches, do you want to live forever?”
Who is known as the tiger of the mountains?
Lieutenant General “Chesty” Puller
Where did Lieutenant General Puller serve when he and his force of 32 Marines became famous for their ability to engage rebel groups and bandits?
Nicaragua
Who is the USMC’s top ranking flying ace?
Major Gregory R. “Pappy” Boyington
How many kills did Major Boyington have?
28
What squadron did Major Boyington command?
VMH-214 “Black Sheep”
When was Mount Suribachi Taken?
23 Feb 1945
Who was the first enlisted woman in the USMC?
Private Opha Mae Johnson
When was Opha Mae Johnson enlisted?
13 Aug 1918
What was the official title by which the USMC first enlisted women were known?
Marine Reserve (F) Better known as skirt Marines and Marinettes
Who was the first Woman general Officer int the USMC?
Brigadier General Margaret A. Brewer
When was Margaret A. Brewer director of Women Marines?
1973-1977
When did Brigadier General Margaret A Brewer become the first Woman General officer in the USMC?
11 May 1978
When do you begin your salute?
at least six but not more than 30 paces away
How many rockers does a Gunnery Sergeant have?
2
How many rockers does a Master sergeant or First Sergeant have?
3
When was the intial phase of the invasion of Iraq?
March 20 to May 1, 2003
What was the codename for the first Battle of Fallujah?
Operation Vigilant Resolve
What was to codename for the Second Battle of Fallujah?
Operation Al-Fajr (arabic, “the dawn”) and
Operation Phantom Fury
When was the second Battle of Fallujah?
November and December 2004
When Robert E. Bush awarded the Medal of Honor?
5 october 1945
