CH 10.1 Bacterial Cell Division

Question 1

What is Binary Fission?

Answer 1

-It is a simple form of cell division that occurs in bacteria

Question 2

What are the processes that occur in all Cell Division?

Answer 2

• Duplication
• Segregation of genetic info into daughter cells
• Division of cellular contents

Question 3

Describe the kind of Genome do most bacteria have?

Answer 3

-A single, circular DNA molecule that is compacted & located in the Nucleoid

Question 4

What class of proteins does the Compaction/ Organization of the Nucleoid involve?

Answer 4

-Structural Maintenance of Chromosome= SMC

Question 5

What are the SMC proteins in Eukaryotes?

Answer 5

• Cohesin

- Condensin

Question 6

What happens during Binary Fission?

Answer 6

-The chromosome is replicated & 2 of the products are split to each end of the cell BEFORE the division of the cell

Question 7

What is the key feature of bacterial cell division?

Answer 7

-Replication & splitting of the chromosome happen as a joint process

Question 8

What are the steps of Binary Fission?

Answer 8

1) Replication of bacterial DNA begins at Origin of Replication
2) The replication enzymes move bidirectionally from Origin of Replication & make copies of each strand in DNA duplex
3) The replications continue to move until they reach Terminus of Replication
4) As DNA replicates= cell elongates & begins to split DNA
5) Septation begins facilitated by FtsZ protein
6) Then cell pinches into 2 daughter cells

Question 9

What is the force behind Chromosome Segregation?

Answer 9

• DNA replication
• Transcription
• Polymerization of actinlike molecules

Question 10

What are the Proteins that facilitates Septation?

Answer 10

-FtsZ copies which form a ring at the midpoint of the cell

Question 11

What is the difference between replication in Prokaryotes vs Eukaryotes?

Answer 11

• Replication & splitting of the chromosome happen as a joint process in prokaryotes
• There is a delay in chromosome splitting after replication in eukaryotes

Question 12

What does FtsZ protein similar to?

Answer 12

-It has a similar structure to the eukaryotic protein tubulin (found in microtubules)

Question 13

What are the Microtubule components of Eukaryotic cells?

Answer 13

-They are fibers that are used to make the spindle that separates the chromosomes

Question 14

Would Binary Fission work well if the bacteria had many chromosomes?

Answer 14

-No bc it works better with one small chromosome

Question 15

What are the Key Characteristics of Prokaryotes?

Answer 15

• They have smaller genome= single ciruclar chromosme
• They DO NOT have nucleus
• NO membrane system of organelles
• Divides via Binary Fission w/ FtsZ protein
• DO NOT HAVE CELL CYCLE

Question 16

What are the Key characteristics of Eukaryotes?

Answer 16

• They have a bigger genome= linear DNA molecules
• Have nucleus
• Endomembrane system of organelles
• HAVE A CELL CYCLE (interphase, mitosis, cytokinesis)