Ch 10 {Muslim World} Flashcards
Muslim
” one who has submitted”, follower of Islam
Islam
“Submission to the will of Allah”, a religion based on Allah & the Qur’an
-Jesus is a prophet
Torah
First five books of the bible (Pentateuch) that is Jewish written law/bible
Koran (Qur’an) -
Book that is Center of Muslim religion, written by Muhammad through Gabriel, monotheistic
Muhammad -
Born In 570 AD as an Orphan raised by grandfather, trader on silk roads, marries trade owner named Khadijah, goes in cave, sees Gabriel, the angel, get divine testimony and preaches, his word eventually written down, last prophet (God reveals to him last). Dies 632
Bedouin
Most people in Saudi Arabian peninsula, Early Desert nomad that were Arabic, divided into tribes or clans
(Nomadic herder)
Allah
Muslim word for God
Hijrah
Pilgrimage/ migration that is from Mecca to Medina because it’s the path Muhammad went when he fled because of persecution
Mecca -
Muhammad’s grows up here, sacred Islamic town containing Ka’aba, religiously mixed city in the beginning, it’s the middle of Silk Road trade routes
Medina
Town Muhammad fled to with followers, back then called Yithrab, becomes a military leader and takes over Mecca with the help of medina
5 pillars of Islam -
Faith(1 God Allah), Prayer(six times a day towards Mecca), alms giving(charity, give to prayer), pilgrimage(Hajj, journey to Mecca once in your lifetime), fasting(hold month Ramadan, oct/sept)
Caliph
“Successor”/ “deputy”, Spiritual leader of Islamic religion. Fi
Shi’ites (shi’a) -
Believe caliph needs to be a descendant of Muhammad “party of Ali”
Sunni -
Believes the caliph should be elected
Abu Bakr -
First caliph because was a friend of Muhammad, part of the caliphates (rightly guided caliphs- the very first 4 caliphs)
Ali
4th and last elected caliph, was assassinated, and a new ruling family, the Umayyads, took over
Abbasids
Family that killed Umayyads, after Ali, and took over in 750-1250, moved capital to Baghdad, very smart
Umayyads
Take over Ali, 661-750 Muaywia starts empire, focuses on wealth move capital from Mecca to Damascus
Ka’aba -
Large hold square building in Mecca, with meteorite in it (used to have idols in it), supposed to reflect a house in heaven, made by Adam and Abraham. Housed 360 idols and had to pay money to get into this building.
Jihad
“Striving” against evil, word Abu Bakr used to justify & encourage the expansion so Islam. “Striving” in the way of The Lord
Mosque
Islamic place of worship (temple)
House of Wisdom
A center of learning in Baghdad, when Baghdad was a tourist attraction to scholars (800s)
Dome of the Rock -
Shrine where Muhammad went to heaven with Gabriel and received his messages which would in the future be the Qur’an, contains the foundation stone
Damascus
Country taken over under Abu Bakr, become a site of cultural blending
Baghdad
Place in Iraq where When Abbasids took power they moved the capital to, cultural diffusion happens here
Who gives Muhammad God’s word comes from?
Gabriel the angel
First four caliphs -
1: Abu Bakr
2: umar
3: uthman
4: Ali - is related to Muhammad
- as called CALIPHATE (rightly guided because knew Muhammad)
Who is the second caliph?
Umar
Who is the third caliph?
Uthman
Difference between Muhammad and Jesus?
Muhammad is spiritual and military leader
Jesus is spiritual leader
There is a passage in the movie that says kill the non believers, people that do this are trying to start?
A holy war
Radical Muslims
Mostly kill other Muslims
How are women treated in Islam?
Treated inferior, not equal to men, very few civil rights, women can get rich though
What is Ramadan?
Holy Week when Muslims fast
What is Sargon of Akkad?
It’s the worlds first empire than unites Mesopotamia.
What is the Epic of Gilgamesh?
The guy that searched for the fountain of youth but realized that humans are meant to die.
Mesopotamia’s environment is like…
They build irrigation system, canals, and they are susceptible to invasion.
Who destroyed the holy temple? This is where the 10 commandments we’re. -
The Romans.
