Ch. 10 Muscles Flashcards
Prefix means arm
Brachi-
Prefix means tongue
Gloss-
Prefix means stalk, or stylus
Stylo-
Prefix means short
Brevi-
Prefix means partial, or half
Semi
The muscle extending from the arm to the lateral forearm is the ?
Brachioradialis
The muscle name literally meaning below the tongue is ?
hypoglossus
The muscle connecting the hyoid bone to the styloid process of the temporal bone is the ?
stylohyoid
The shorter of the muscles over the fibula is the ?
Peroneus brevis
The hamstring that becomes tendinous midway along its length is the ?
Semitendinosus
Your patient has been referred to a physical therapist because of chronic low back pain. Which of these muscle groups would you expect the therapist to target most?
1) Pectorals
2) Rhomboids
3) Quadriceps
4) Abdominals
Abdominals
Because the erector spinae muscles are relatively small and ill-equipped for the job of keeping the spine erect, the abdominal muscles play an important role in supporting the spine.
You awaken with a “stiff neck,” which causes pain when you turn your head or flex your neck. Which muscle is LEAST likely to be causing the problem?
1) Splenius capitis
2) Platysma
3) Sternocleidomastoid
4) Trapezius
Platysma
a thin, flat muscle on the anterior neck. Its main role is to tense the skin of the neck, earning it a starring role in razor commercials and the nickname of the “shaving muscle.”
Your elderly patient recovering from knee replacement surgery doesn’t understand why she has to do rehabilitation of the muscles around her knee. How would you explain it to her?
1) “We don’t want to risk you getting a blood clot in the knee area.”
2) “You’ve been off your feet for awhile and we want to make sure you exercise to build your stamina back up.”
3) “The large muscle groups that surround the knee are just as important as the bones in making sure your knee is stable. You need to strengthen them to support your new knee.”
4) “We need to make sure the replacement holds up to your knee moving.”
“The large muscle groups that surround the knee are just as important as the bones in making sure your knee is stable. You need to strengthen them to support your new knee.”
Used to show you’re happy
Zygomaticus
Used to suck in your cheeks
Buccinator
Used in winking
Orbicularis oculi
Wrinkles the forehead horizontally
Frontalis
The “kissing” muscle
Orbicularis oris
Prime mover of jaw closure
Masseter
Synergist muscle for jaw closure
Temporalis
Prime mover of head flexion; a two-headed muscle
Sternocleidomastoid
Prime mover for shoulder flexion and adduction
Pectoralis major
Prime mover for shoulder abduction
Deltoid
Acting alone, each muscle of this pair turns the head toward the opposite shoulder
Sternocleidomastoid
Deep muscles of the thorax that promote the inspiratory phase of breathing
External intercostal
Muscle that allows you to shrug your shoulders or extend your head
Trapezius
Muscle that adducts the shoulder and causes extension of the shoulder joint
Latissimus dorsi
Prime mover of back extension; a deep composite muscle consisting of three columns
Erector spinae
Fleshy muscle forming part of the posterior abdominal wall that helps maintain upright posture
Quadratus lumborum
Used to extend hip when climbing stairs
Gluteus maximus
Inverts and dorsiflexes the foot
Tibialis anterior
Straplike muscle that is a weak thigh flexor; the “tailor’s muscle”
Sartorius
Wrist flexor that follows the ulna
Flexor carpi ulnaris
Muscle that extends the fingers
Extensor digitorum
Muscle that flexes the fingers
Flexor digitorum superficialis
Muscle that allows you to bend (flex) the elbow
Biceps brachii
Muscle that extends the elbow
Triceps brachii
Most flexor muscles are located on the ___ aspect of the body.
Anterior
The extrinsic muscles of the hand originate on the ___.
Forearm
The triceps surae (gastrocnemius and soleus) insert in common into the ___ tendon.
Calcaneal
Most extensors are located on the ___ aspect of the body.
Posterior
The bulk of the tissue of a muscle tends to lie ___ to the part of the body that it moves.
Proximal
Head muscles that insert on a bone include:
1) Zygomaticus
2) Masseter
3) Buccinator
4) Temporalis
All of them
Lateral flexion of the torso invloves:
1) Erector spinae
2) Rectus abdominis
3) Quadratus lumborum
4) External oblique
Erector spinae, Quadratus lumborum, & External oblique
A muscle that assists the muscle primarily responsible for a given action is a(n) _______.
Synergist
A muscle whose name ends in the suffix -glossus would be found attached to the _______.
Tongue
Straight muscles, with fibers that run parallel to an imaginary line such as the long axis of the body, are called _______.
Rectus
The muscular wall of the abdomen is composed of _______.
External oblique and rectus muscles
The major abductor muscle of the upper arm is the _______.
Deltoid
The attachment site of a muscle’s tendon to the more-movable bone is called the _______.
Insertion
The extensor digitorum muscle is an example of a _______ muscle.
Pennate
The masseter is innervated by the ? nerve.
Trigeminal
The _______ nerve innervates all of the extrinsic tongue muscles.
Hypoglossal
Which of the following muscles aids inspiration by lifting the first two ribs?
1) Rectus abdominis
2) Scalenes
3) Diaphragm
4) Internal intercostals
Scalenes
Which muscle flexes and rotates the lumbar region of the vertebral column?
Rectus abdominis
The ? is a synergist of the triceps brachii in forearm extension.
Anconeus
What muscle adducts the the fingers and wrist?
Flexor carpi ulnaris
The prime mover for flexion of the thigh is the ? muscle.
Iliopsoas
The ? nerve innervates the sartorius.
Femoral
The _______ is the prime mover of dorsiflexion of the foot.
Tibialis anterior
Shin splints are caused by inflammation of the anterior compartment muscles such as the ?
Tibialis anterior
