Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Ecology and evolution > CH. 10 - Community ecology > Flashcards

CH. 10 - Community ecology Flashcards

1
Q

What is a community?

A

All populations of all species that occupy same area

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What’s intraspecific Competition (-/-)

A

Competition between same species for resources (food, water, territory)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What’s interspecific Competition (-/-)

A

Different species compete for a resource

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Competition (-/-):
Competitive exclusion

A

Species that is inferior will be eliminated

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Competition (-/-):
Ecological niche

A

Total use of biotic and abiotic resources in environment by a species

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Competition (-/-):
Resource partitioning

A

Same food source in eco niches overlap but can coexist because of some differences (ex: location) in niches

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What’s fundamental niche vs Realized niche

A

Fundamental: Potential niche if there’s no competitions
Realized: The actual niche

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Character displacement?

A

Micro-evolutionary changes in phenotype that occur when 2 species coexist and share same resources

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Predation (+/-): What is it?

A

1 species benefits other loses (predator prey)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Predator adaptions:

A

Claws, sharp teeth, poison, stingers, camo for ambush

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Prey adaptations:

A

Alarm calls, quills, camo, armour

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is the adaption for camoufage?

A

Crypsis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is the adaption for standing out in surroundings (ie. poisonous species)

A

Aposematism

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is crypsis?

A

Camouflage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is aposematism?

A

Stand out in surroundings (poisonous species)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is Batesian mimicry?

A

Non poisonous species mimics poisonous (appearance and behaviours)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Mullerian mimicry?

A

2+ poisonous species resemble each other

18
Q

Herbivory (+/-): What is it?

A

1 species benefits (primary consumer) by eating other (photoautotroph: plant, algae)

19
Q

Plant adaptations that deter herbivores?

A

Thorns, hairs, toxins

20
Q

Herbivore adaptations help them … (give examples)

A

Digest the tough cellulose walls of plants;
- Multi-chamber stomach
- Coprophagy: eating feces
- Flat teeth

21
Q

What are the relationships in symbiosis?

A

1) Parasitism (+/-)
2) Mutualism (+/+)
3) Commensalism (+/0)

22
Q

What are the interspecific interactions?

A

1) Competitions -/-
2) Predation +/-
3) Herbivory +/-
4) Symbiosis (parasitism, mutualism, commensalism)

23
Q

What is parasitism?

A

Parasites feed off hosts (benefit from association)

24
Q

What do parasitic fungi absorb?

A

Nutrients from liv orgs instead of dead organic matter

25
Q

What is mutualism?

A

Both species benefit

26
Q

What is mycorrhizal fungi?

A

Mycelium connect the plants in a forest tgt ==> Nutrients exchanged

27
Q

What is lichen?

A

Symbiotic association: fungus + photosynthetic partner (cyanobacteria or algae)

28
Q

What makes up the main part of the lichen? What does it do?

A

Fungus - Provides safe space from desiccation + inorganic nutrients

29
Q

What does the photosynthetic partner provide to the fungus?

A

Organic nutrients

30
Q

What kind of symbiosis does coral have?

A

Mutualistic: Invertebrate animal (cnidarian) + algae

31
Q

Coral: What does algae provide to invertebrate?

A

Glucose + oxygen thru photosynthesis

32
Q

Coral: What does invertebrate provide to algae?

A

CO2

33
Q

What is commensalism (+/0)?

A

1 species benefits form association - other is neutral

34
Q

Co-evolution: Species in interspecific relationships co-evolve, what does this do?

A

Selective pressure to outcompete

35
Q

When considering species diversity look at:

A

Species richness and abundance of each species

36
Q

What is species richness?

A

Number of species present

37
Q

What is abundance of each species?

A

Proportion that each species represents of all indivs

38
Q

What is niche partitioning?

A

Species w/different morphological/physiological characteristics can use dif resources to increase productivity ==> Increase bioiversity

39
Q

Why would a dominant species be abundant?

A
  • Better acquire resources
  • Better able to tolerate predation/herbivory
40
Q

What are keystone species?

A

Not abundant but have strong influence on community

41
Q

What is community succession?

A

New community will arise after severe disturbance

42
Q

What is primary succession or secondary?

A

1) Primary: Starting from scratch, no soil, long time
2) Secondary: After clear cutting…, soil is present, less time

Ecology and evolution (10 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions