Ch 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Anthropology

A

The study of societies to learn about human beings and their activities.

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2
Q

manager

A

An individual who achieves goals through other people.

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3
Q

organization

A

A consciously coordinated social unit, composed of two or more people, that functions on a relatively continuous basis to achieve a common goal or set of goals.

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4
Q

planning

A

A process that includes defining goals, establishing strategy, and developing plans to coordinate activities.

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5
Q

organizing

A

Determining what tasks are to be done, who is to do them, how the tasks are to be grouped, who reports to whom, and where decisions are to be made.

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6
Q

leading

A

A function that includes motivating employees, directing others, selecting the most effective communication channels, and resolving conflicts.

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7
Q

controlling

A

Monitoring activities to ensure they are being accomplished as planned and correcting any significant deviations.

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8
Q

technical skills

A

The ability to apply specialized knowledge or expertise.

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9
Q

human skills

A

The ability to work with, understand, and motivate other people, both individually and in groups.

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10
Q

conceptual skills

A

The mental ability to analyze and diagnose complex situations.

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11
Q

organizational behavior

A

A field of study that investigates the impact individuals, groups, and structure have on behavior within organizations, for the purpose of applying such knowledge toward improving an organization’s effectiveness.

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12
Q

systematic study

A

Looking at relationships, attempting to attribute causes and effects, and drawing conclusions based on scientific evidence.

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13
Q

evidence-based management

A

The basing of managerial decisions on the best available scientific evidence.

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14
Q

intuition

A

An instinctive feeling not necessarily supported by research.

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15
Q

psychology

A

The science that seeks to measure, explain, and sometimes change the behavior of humans and other animals.

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16
Q

Social psychology

A

An area of psychology that blends concepts from psychology and sociology to focus on the influence of people on one another.

17
Q

Sociology

A

The study of people in relation to their social environment or culture.

18
Q

anthropology

A

The study of societies to learn about human beings and their activities.

19
Q

contingency variable

A

Situational factors: variables that moderate the relationship between two or more variables.

20
Q

workforce diversity

A

The concept that organization are becoming more heterogeneous in terms of gender, age, race, ethnicity, sexual orientation, and other characteristics.

21
Q

positive organizational scholarship

A

An area of OB research that concerns how organizations develop human strengths, foster vitality and resilience, and unlock potential.

22
Q

ethical dilemmas and ethical choices

A

Situations in which individual are required to define right and wrong conduct.

23
Q

model

A

An abstraction of reality, a simplified representation of some real-world phenomenon.

24
Q

input

A

Variable that lead to processes.

25
Q

Processes

A

Actions that individuals, groups, and organizations engage in as a result of inputs and that lead to certain outcomes.

26
Q

outcomes

A

Key factors that are affected by some other variables.

27
Q

stress

A

An unpleasant psychological process that occurs in response to environmental pressures.

28
Q

task performance

A

The combination of effectiveness and efficiency at doing core job tasks.

29
Q

organizational citizenship behavior

A

Discretionary behavior that contributes to the psychological and social environment of the workplace.

30
Q

withdrawal behavior

A

The set of actions employees take to separate themselves from the organization.

31
Q

group cohesion

A

The extent to which members of a group support and validate one another while at work.

32
Q

group functioning

A

The quantity and quality of a group’s work output.

33
Q

productivity

A

The combination of the effectiveness and efficiency of an organization.

34
Q

effectiveness

A

The degree to which an organization meets the needs of its clientele or customers.

35
Q

efficiency

A

The degree to which an organization can achieve its ends at a low cost.

36
Q

organizational survival

A

The degree to which an organization is able to exist and grow over the long term.