Ch 1

Question 1

In social speech, someone’s public image. For Allport, personality is something real within an individual that needs to characteristic behavior and thought. For Carl Rodgers personality of self is an organized, consistent pattern of perception

Answer 1

Personality

Question 2

A set of abstract concepts developed about a group of facts or events in order to explain them

Answer 2

Theory

Question 3

Theory that seeks to be global and that emphasizes comprehension of the whole person

Answer 3

Macro theory

Question 4

Theory which have resulted from specific research focused on limited aspects of human behavior

Answer 4

Micro theory

Question 5

An underlying view of the world that influences a persons thinking

Answer 5

Philosophical Assumption

Question 6

The systematic love or pursuit of wisdom

Answer 6

Philosophy

Question 7

Some theorists believe that individuals basically have control over their behaviors and understand the motives behind them. Others believed that human behavior is basically determined by internal or external forces over which individuals that have little if any control

Answer 7

Freedom versus determinism

Question 8

Theorists differ over whether inherited and inborn characteristics or factors in the environment have the more important influence on human behavior

Answer 8

Heredity versus environment

Question 9

Some theorists believe that each individual is unique and cannot be compared with others. Others contend that people are basically very similar

Answer 9

Uniqueness versus universality

Question 10

Proactive theories view human beings as acting on their initiative rather than simply reacting. The sources of behavior or perceived as lying within the individual, who does more than just react to stimuli from the outside world

Answer 10

Proactivity versus reactivity

Question 11

Do you significant changes in personality and behavior occurred throughout the course of a lifetime? If an individual is motivated, can genuine changes be effected and personality? Can we help others to change by restructuring their environment? Some personality theories are decidedly more optimistic and hopeful than others concerning these possibilities

Answer 11

Optimism versus pessimism

Question 12

A perception of essential meaning

Answer 12

Epiphany

Question 13

One of the criteria for judging philosophical statement; the quality or state of logical consistency

Answer 13

Coherence

Question 14

One of the criteria for evaluating philosophical statements, the quality of having some bearing or being pertinent to ones view of reality

Answer 14

Relevance

Question 15

One of the criteria for evaluating philosophical statements; the quality of having a broad scope or range and depth of coverage

Answer 15

Comprehensiveness

Question 16

Model or concept of the world that is shared by the members of a community and that govern their activities

Answer 16

Paradigm

Question 17

Statements about the world based on empirical observations arising from currently excepted paradigms, which could also be seen as shared philosophical assumptions

Answer 17

Scientific statement

Question 18

The simplest kind of statements and science, Which are based on experience and observation

Answer 18

Empirical

Question 19

Data acquired through extropection, the act of looking out word on the world as object

Answer 19

Objective data

Question 20

Date acquired through introspection, the act of working inward on the self as subject

Answer 20

Subjective data

Question 21

Agreement among observers about phenomena

Answer 21

Consensual validation

Question 22

A statement that may be made, when a number of different instances coincide, that something is true about many or all of the members of a certain class. In behavior theory, the application of a response learned in one situation to a different but similar situation

Answer 22

Generalization

Question 23

A conclusion that something is true about many or all of the members of a certain class

Answer 23

Scientific (or empirical) generalization

Question 24

Statements that are true because of the way in which we have a greed to use words

Answer 24

Definition

Question 25

An imaginary or hypothetical construct used to explain what is observed in science

Answer 25

Scientific constructs

Question 26

Determining tendency or predisposition to respond and I certainly

Answer 26

Trait

Question 27

In Jung’s theory,A central archetype representing the striving for unity of all part of the personality. In Rogers theory, the psychological processes that govern a person’s behavior

Answer 27

Self