10 power point Flashcards
Gordan Allport theories
Continuity theories vs. discontinuity theories
Personality is
Dynamic Organized Psychophysical Determined Characteristic
Trait
Neuropsychic structures within a person that influence behavior; they are not simply labels we use to describe or classify behaviors
Common traits
hypothetical constructs that permit us to make comparisons between individuals
Personal dispositions
unique to each person
Cardinal: so pervasive that they influence almost every behavior of an individual
Central: highly characteristic of individual
Secondary: specific, focused tendencies
Central dispositions
express essential characteristics
5-10 necessary to describe a person
Proprium
Central experiences of self-awareness that people have as they grow and move forward
Functional autonomy
implies that adult motivation is not necessarily tied to the past
Two types of Functional Autonomy
Perseverative functional autonomy
Propriate functional autonomy
Allport’s propriate functions
- bodily self
- self identity
- self esteem
- self extension
- self image
- self as rational coper
- propriate striving
bodily self
knowing one’s body and its limits
self identity
awareness of inner sameness and continuity
self esteem
pride in the ability to do things
self extension
sense of possession and valuing of others
self image
sense of measuring up to expectations of others
self as rational coper
sense of self as active problem solving agent
propriate striving
development of long term purposes and goals
The Study of Personology
The unique interdisciplinary study of the individual employing a wide array of clinical, psychoanalytic, and experimental methods
A need
is a force in the brain that organizes our perception, understanding, and behavior in such a way as to lead us to change an unsatisfying situation
A press
is a force from objects or persons within environment that help or hinder an individual reaching goals
Murray’s needs
- dominance
- deference
- autonomy
- aggression
- abasement
- achievement
- sex
- sentience
- exhibition
- play
dominance
to govern
deference
respect and conform
autonomy
behave independently
agression
attack and fight
abasement
yield and surrender
achievment
succeed at a hard task
sex
to be erotic
sentience
find joy in sensuousness
exhibition
show off and attract attention
play
to have fun
Murray’s needs continued
- affiliation
- rejection
- succorance
- nurturance
- infavoidance
- defendance
- counteraction
- harm avoidance
- order
- understanding
affliction
relate to others
rejection
exclude others
succorance
seek help
nurturance
give help
infavoidance
guard against embarrassment
defendance
protect self from abuse
counteraction
to face failure with continued effort
harm avoidance
stay away from danger
order
organize things
understanding
seek comprehension
Thematic Apperception Test (TAT):
a projective device in which a person makes up a story for ambiguous pictures
