Cervical smear & HPV Vaccine Flashcards
How many times do you rotate brush on cervix?
5
How many times do you rotate the brush in the pot?
10
At what age do you start getting cervical smears and how often?
age 25 - 49, every 5 years, age 50-64 every 3 years
Who can opt out of cervical smears? (5)
women who have never been sexually active,
women with physical/learning disabilities,
women who may not benefit from screening e.g. are terminally ill,
women who cannot give adequate sample e.g. FGM (need gynae referral),
women who just do not want to!
Abnormal tissue appears what with acetic acid and stains what with iodine?
Appears white with acetic acid (acetyl white) and iodine negative
Outline cervical intraepithelial neoplasia tissue diagnosis levels?
CIN 1 - conservative 2yrs.
CIN 2 and 3 - offer treatment.
CIN level 1 = 1/3 of sample occupied by neoplastic cells etc.
Treatments for CIN has 95% efficacy. What are treatment options for CIN 2 and 3?
LLETZ (large loop excision of the transformation zone) or cold coagulation
In what situation does CIN develop?
Persistent HIV
What types of HPV do the vaccines cover and which are low risk and which are high?
HPV 6, 11, 16 and 18.
6 and 11 low risk
16 & 18 high risk
Who is eligible for HPV vaccine?
boys and girls age 12/13, MSM and trans women
How many doses of HPV vaccine are given to boys and girls under 15?
2 doses - one at 0 and second at 6months
How many doses of HPV vaccine are given to people over 15yrs?W
3 doses - one at 0, 1 and 6 months
What is the predicted protection of HPV vaccine?
70%
What strains of HPV does the vaccine protect against?
Strains 16 and 18 +/- 6 and 11
___ sexually active women have been exposed to HPV
4/5
