Anatomy of Labour Flashcards
Bony pelvis consists of? (4)
2 hip bones,
sacrum,
coccyx
Each hip bone consists of a fusion of what? (3)
ilium,
ischium,
pubis
Pelvic inlet made up of (4)
sacral promontory,
ilium,
superior pubic ramus,
pubic symphysis
Pelvic outlet made up of? (5)
pubic symphysis, ischiopubic rams, ischial tuberosities, sacrotuberous ligaments, coccyx
Pelvic cavity lies between?
Pelvic inlet and pelvic floor
Inguinal ligament attached between?
ASIS and pubic tubercle
Ischial spines are palpable on vaginal examination at approx what positions on clock?
4 and 8 o’ clock
What types of joints are the hip joints?
synovial
What type of joint is pubic symphysis?
secondary cartilaginous
Ligaments tighten during later pregnancy. T/F?
False - relax
What is a straddle injury to pelvis?
All four pubic rami fractured
What arteries and what veins and what nerves are at risk of life threatening haemorrhage in serious pelvic damage?
common iliac artery,
common iliac vein,
sacral nerves/plexus
What 3 adaptations of female pelvis make it better for childbirth than males?
AP and transverse diameters of female pelvis are larger at both pelvic inlet and outlet,
subpubic angle and pubic arch is wider,
pelvic cavity is shallower
What is moulding in childbirth?
movement of one bone over another to allow the foetal head to pass through the pelvis
What outlines the vertex of the foetal skull?
area outlined by the anterior and posterior fontanelles and the parietal eminences - basically a diamond shape each point at fontanelle at eminence
Which is longer on foetal head - occipitofrontal diameter or biparietal diameter?
occipitofrontal diameter longer i.e. babies head is longer than it is wide
At the pelvic inlet, which is wider - the transverse diameter or AP diameter?
transverse diameter wider
What is the station in labour? What do negative and positive stations mean?
Distance of foetal head from the ischial spines,
negative station means head is superior to spines,
positive station means head is inferior
What should the foetal head do and what position should it be in as it descends through the foetal cavity?
It should rotate and be in a flexed position (chin on chest)
At the pelvic outlet, which is wider - the transverse diameter or AP diameter?
AP diameter is wider
What position should foetal head be in during final part of delivery when exiting pelvic cavity?
Should be in extension