cervical and cranial nerves Flashcards
ansa cervicalis superior root levels and inferior root levels
superior: C1-C2
inferior: C2-C3
Superficial cervical nerves from C2-3
lesser occipital nerve
greater auricular nerve
transverse cervical nervre
superficial cervical nerves from C3-C4
supraclavicular nerves
where is the loop of the ansa cervicalis located
near the tendon of the omohyoid muscle
what does the ansa cervicalis directly innervate?
all the infrahyoid muscles except the nerve to the thyrohyoid
superior root of AC followed up to find what nerve which gives off what nerve
hypoglossal nerve
gives off nerve to thyrohyoid m
what is the landmark near the n to thyrohyoid
tip of hyoid bone in heart of carotid triangle
where does the the phrenic nerve cross and lie
crosses anterior scalene, posterior to IJC
what crosses over the phrenic nerve?
transverse cervical artery
suprascapular artery
what artery follows the phrenic nerve
ascending cervical artery
GSA fibers convey what info from where and localization?
pain, temp, tactile, pressure, proprioception by trigeminal nerve to structures of ectodermal origin
-sharp, highly localized sensations
General Visceral afferent fibers
visceral pain and reflexes
- vagus nerve distribution from posterior 1/3 of tongue to midportion of transverse colon
- dull achy, burning, poorly localized
General somatic efferent
innervate muscles of myotomic origin, extraocular m and intrinsic m of tnogue
general visceral efferent fibers
components of ANS and innervate SM and glands
-course with cranial nerves III,VII,IX,X
All GSA fibers from cranial nerves ______ terminate where?
V,VII,IX,X
trigeminal sensory nuclei
3 parts of trigeminal sensory nuclei and fnct
mesencephalic: proprioception info from facial muscles
main sensory nucleus: tactile discrimination info from face
descending nucleus of V: crude tactile, pain, temp from face
solitary nucleus or NTS recieves what fibers
GVA and SVA
GVA from posterior 1/3 of tongue to mid transverse colon
SVA taste anterior 2/3 via VII and 1/3 posterior tongue via IX, and epiglottis via X
-Vagus nerve is main input
motor nuclei fibers and what nucleus
GSE, muscles of myotomic origin -oculomotor nucleus -trochlear nucleus abducens nucleus -hypoglossal nucleus
SVE nuclei innervate muscles of what origin
branchiomeri (branchial arches)
trigeminal—> brachial arch __—> what muscles
brachial arch 1–> muscles of mastication
facial to what brachial arch to what muscles
brachial arch 2 to muscles of facial expression
nucleus ambiguus to what brachial arch to what muscles
arch 4 to pharyngeal and laryngeal muscles
Lesions of nerve IX result in what
loss of GDS
gag relex
slight dysphagia
loss sensation in pharynx and posterior 1/3 of tongue
lesions in cranial nerve X results
dysphonia
dysphagia
dyspnea
loss of gag or cough reflex
lesion in accessory nerves
inability to shrug the shoulder and flex and rotate head
lesion of cranial nerve XII results
deviation of protruded tongue towards affected side
common characteristics of cranial nerves IX-XII
they all exit skull at jugular foramen and are at base of skull between IJV and ICA
-deep to parotid gland at neck of mandible
vernet’s syndrome
basilar skull fracture involving jugular foramen = ipsilateral IX,X,XI paralysis
collet’s or sicard’s syndrome
inury to retroparotid space
-paralysis of cranial nerves IX-XII and cervical sympathetic trunk (horner’s syndrome)
