Blood Vessels and Lymphatics: stephens

Question 1

vertebral artery comes off what and goes where

Answer 1

off 1st part of subclavian artery

enters transverse foramen of C6-C1 and goes through foramen magnum to form the basilar artery

Question 2

causes of subclavian steal syndrome

Answer 2

• obstruction of subclavian artery proximal to vertebral artery
• episodic increase in periph circulatory demand in associated extremity (due to exercise

Question 3

vertebro-basilar insufficiency clinical signs and symptoms

Answer 3

dizziness
cranial nerve dysfunction
paralysis
loss of consciousness

Question 4

what comes off 1sat part of subclavian a

Answer 4

vertebral a
internal thoracic a
thyrocervical trunk

Question 5

what comes off the thyrocervical trunk

Answer 5

inferior thyroid artery
-ascending cervical a (runs with phrenic n)
-inferior laryngeal a (enters larynx with RLN)
suprascapular a: crosses anterior scalene m
transverse cervical a: runs parallel and suprior to suprascapular artery

Question 6

the dorsal scapular artery is often a branch of what

Answer 6

the transverse cervical artery (50%)

Question 7

2nd part of subclavian artery

Answer 7

costocervical trunk

Question 8

costocervical trunk branches

Answer 8

deep cervical

supreme intercostal a

Question 9

the right common carotid artery begins where

Answer 9

at bifurcation of brachiocephalic trunk, just posterior to the right SC joint

Question 10

the left common carotid artery arises from

Answer 10

apex of aortic arch

Question 11

at what level do the common carotids branch into internal and external branches?

Answer 11

just below level of hyoid bone

Question 12

3rd part of subclavian artery branch

Answer 12

dorsal scapular artery (50%)

Question 13

the internal carotid arteries ____ have any branches in the neck

Answer 13

don’t

Question 14

what is the first branch of the ICA

Answer 14

ophthalmic a, branches at level of carotid siphon

Question 15

within the cranial vault the ICA bifurcates into what

Answer 15

anterior cerebral and middle cerebral arteries

Question 16

what is the first branch off the ECA and where is it located

Answer 16

superior thyroid artery located inferior to the tip of the greater horn of the hyoid

Question 17

what is the major branch of the superior thyroid artery

what does it pierce and with what

Answer 17

superior laryngeal artery, pierces thyrohyoid membrane along with internal laryngeal nerve

Question 18

facial and lingual artery location

Answer 18

lingal artery arises from the ECA alone or along with facial artery
-lingual artery is posterior to tip of hyoid, facial is superior

Question 19

occipital artery

Answer 19

comes off ECA

Question 20

where does the posterior auricular artery arise

Answer 20

from ECA at level of apex of styloid process

-full of parotid gland

Question 21

branches of the ECA

Answer 21

superior thyroid a
facial a
lingual a
occipital a
posterior auricular a
superficial temporal artery
maxillary artery

Question 22

what are the 2 terminating branches of the ECA

Answer 22

superficial temporal a

maxillary a

Question 23

what are the 3 portions of the maxillary artery

Answer 23

1) mandibular
2) pterygoid
3) sphenopalatine

Question 24

what does the maxillary artery supply

Answer 24

infratemporal fossa contents
posterior 2/3 nasal cavity
hard palate

Question 25

what important artery branches off mandibular portion of maxillary a

Answer 25

middle meningeal a (ruptures in epidural hematoma)

Question 26

what does the external jugular vein drains

and empties into what

Answer 26

neck, face, and part of brain

-empties into subclavian or brachiocephalic veins

Question 27

what dumps into the external jugular vein

Answer 27

retromandibular vein, posterior auricular vein, pterygoid plexus of veins, anterior jugular vein

Question 28

what is the retromandibular vein formed by

Answer 28

superficial temporal and maxillary veins

Question 29

where does the internal jugular vein go

Answer 29

jugular foramen to btwn the sternoclavicular heads of SCM

Question 30

at the base of the skull what cranial nerves are between internal jugular vein and internal carotid artery

Answer 30

IX-XII

Question 31

superior bulb of IJC has/doesn’t have valve

-location

Answer 31

doesn’t have a valve

jugular fossa

Question 32

inferior bulb ____ have valve

Answer 32

does have valve

-btwn SC heads of SCM

Question 33

pericervical lymph nodes form collar of ___ LNs around ____

-drain into

Answer 33

superficial LNs around base of head

-drain into deep cervical nodes

Question 34

superficial cervical LNs location

and drain to what

Answer 34

adjacent to external jugular vein in posterior triangle
adjacent to anterior jugular vein in anterior triangle
-drain into deep cervical LNs

Question 35

deep cervical LNs location and 2 most important groups

Answer 35

along length of internal jugular vein
-jugulo-digastric (tonsillar)
jugulo-omohyoid nodes

Question 36

the thoracic duct runs in front of ____ and behind ____ on ___ side

Answer 36

anterior scalene
carotid sheath
left

Question 37

thoracic duct receives lymph from where