Cerebrovascular Disease Flashcards
Hemorrhage accounts for what percent of stroke?
10%
What is the stroke mortality at 1 month? 1 year? 3 years? 7 years?
19%, 23%, 46%, 60%
What is the angiogram risk of stroke in the general population? In patient’s with atherosclerosis?
1-3%
up to 5%
How common do seizures occur in cortical embolic strokes?
20%
What is the risk of stroke following TIA? What is the risk of MI?
10% at 3 months, 26% over 2 years
21% over 5 years
When is the highest stroke risk following TIA?
first 48 hours
What is the risk of ICH with tPA?
6%
Endovascular clot retrieval, angioplasty, or intra-arterial tPA may be performed up to ________ after onset of stroke deficit.
4.5 to 6 hours
Decompressive hemicraniectomy in stroke has been show to _______ and ________.
decrease ICP, increase survival
Why are thrombotic strokes generally slower onset than embolic strokes?
more time for collaterals to form in thrombotic strokes
tPA can be given to patients when stroke deficit symptoms onset within _______.
3 hours
What histologic finding is seen with lacunar strokes?
lipohyalin degeneration of small vessels (lipohyalinosis)
What were the conclusions of the NASCET trial?
North American Symptomatic Endarterectomy Trial
- CEA in symptomatic patients w/ >70% stenosis
- reduces stroke risk from 26% to 9% over 2 years
What were the conclusions of the ACAS trial?
Asymptomatic Carotid Atherosclerosis Study
- CEA in asymptomatic patients w/ >60% stenosis
- reduces stroke risk from 11% to 5% over 5 years
Stroke of the anterior choroidal artery territory results in what sympotmology?
Contralateral hemiplegia, hemianesthesia, and homonymous hemianopsia
What is Weber’s syndrome?
midbrain stroke syndrome from occlusion of interpeduncular branches to the midbrain
ipsilateral CN III palsy w/ contralateral hemiplegia
Occlusion of what posterior circulation artery can cause horner’s syndrome?
AICA
Ventral pontine syndrome is caused by occlusion of what vessel?
basilar artery brances (circumfrential/paramedian arteries)
What’s another name for ventral pontine syndrome?
Millard-Gubler syndrome
What are the symptoms in Ventral pontine syndrome?
Ipsilateral facial weakness
Contralateral hemiplegia
Horizontal diplopia
What is another name for lateral pontine syndrome?
Marie-Foix syndrome
What vessel is occluded in lateral pontine syndrome?
basilar artery circumferential brance or AICA
What are the symptoms in lateral pontine syndrome?
Contralateral hemiplegia
Contralateral decreased pain and temperature
Ipsilateral ataxia
What is another name for medial medullary syndrome?
Dejerine’s syndrome
