Cerebellum Flashcards
The cerebellum provides input to ___ ___ neurons to control _____.
Local circuit
Movement
Does the cerebellum develop pre- or post-natally?
Post-natally
The cerebellum contains more than ____% of the neurons in the brain.
50
The neurons of the cerebellum are arranged in a regular ___. They are divided into distinct ____ that make connections with different areas of the ___.
Pattern
Regions
Brain
Is the cerebellum required for perception or muscle contraction?
No
The cerebellum (directly/indirectly) regulates movement by adjusting the output of major descending _____ systems of the brain.
Indirectly
Motor
Symptoms of cerebellar lesions:
1) Disrupted coordination of ___ and ____ movements
2) Impaired ____
3) Decreased ____ tone
1) Eye
Limb
2) Balance
3) Muscle
What area of the brain plans movements?
Motor cortex
The cerebellum functions as a _____ that compensates for errors in ____ by comparing ____ and ____.
Comparator
Movement
Intention
Performance
The ____ and ____ information about performance of movement go to the _____ and is compared to information from the ____ about plans for movement. The ____ then sends out instructions for ____ proper movement or ____ improper movement.
Vestibular Proprioceptive Cerebellum Cortex Cerebellum Continuing Altering
All information coming in or out of the cerebellum passes through (small/large) bundles of axons called cerebellar ____. They connect the cerebellum with the rest of the ____. How many of these are on each side of the cerebellum?
Large
Peduncles
Brain
3
What are the 3 cerebellar peduncles?
Superior
Middle
Inferior
1) The superior peduncles are (efferent/afferent/either) axons that connect the ____ to the ____.
2) The middle peduncles are (efferent/afferent/either) axons that connect the ____ to the ____.
3) The inferior peduncles are (efferent/afferent/either) axons that connect the ____ to the ____.
1) Efferent Cerebellum Thalamus 2) Afferent Cortex Cerebellum 3) Either Cerebellum and spinal cord
Of the 3 categories of cerebellar peduncles, which is the largest?
Middle
Which peduncle carries most of the information from the cortex into the cerebellum? A) Superior B) Middle C) Inferior D) More than one of the above
B) Middle
The cerebellar cortex is divided into 3 regions. Name them.
Cerebrocerebellum
Spinocerebellum
Vestibulocerebellum
1) The cerebrocerebellum gets input from the ____.
2) The spinocerebellum gets input from the ____, ___ ___, _____ nerve, ____ and ____ systems, and ___ nuclei.
3) The vestibulocerebellum gets input from the ___ nuclei.
1) Cortex
2) Brainstem
Spinal cord
Trigeminal nerve
Auditory
Visual
Vestibular
3) Vestibular
The spinocerebellum is located ____ to the cerebrocerebellum. Both the spinocerebellum and cerebrocerebellum are located ____ to the vestibulocerebellum.
Medial
Superior
The spinocerebellum is further divided into what 2 subregions? Which one is located laterally and which one is located medially?
Intermediate (lateral)
Vermis (medial)
The cerebellum, like the somatosensory and motor cortices, has a ____ representing control over different regions of the body. What are 2 ways in which is it different from those of the somatosensory and motor cortices?
Homunculus
Doesn’t represent entire body
Some areas of body are repeated
Speech slurring when drunk is due to alcohol affecting the ____ part of the _______ (cerebellar cortex region).
Anterior
Spinocerebellum
The cerebellar cortex outputs information to the ____ ___ ____. Are these located on one or both sides of the cerebellum?
Deep cerebellar nuclei
Both
What are the 3 types of deep cerebellar nuclei? Which one exists as a pair?
Dentate nucleus
Interposed nuclei (pair)
Fastigial nucleus
Cerebellar INPUTS (part 1):
1) Most information from the ___ ____ travels down to the ____ and synapses on the ____ ____.
2) Information then travels (ispilaterally/contralaterally) through the ___ _____ ____ to the _______.
1) Frontal cortex Pons Pontine nuclei 2) Contralaterally Middle cerebellar peduncle Cerebrocerebellum