Central Dogma - Unit 5

Question 1

What is transcription?

Answer 1

Transcription is making mRNA from DNA

Question 2

What is the beginning of a gene called?

Answer 2

The promoter

Question 3

What is the protein in transcription?

Answer 3

RNA polymerase

Question 4

What does RNA polymerase do?

Answer 4

RNA polymerase opens the helix and adds nucleotides..

Question 5

What are the steps of Transcription?

Answer 5

1. Initiation
2. Elongation
3. Termination

Question 6

What happens in initiation? (mRNA)

Answer 6

RNA polymerase recognizes the promoter (Start of gene) and unwinds the helix.

Question 7

What happens in Elongation? (mRNA)

Answer 7

1. Complementary nucleotides are added

2. The RNA thats made falls off the DNA allowing the DNA to rewind as RNA polymerase moves on

Question 8

What Termination? (mRNA)

Answer 8

The new RNA strand completely falls off

Question 9

What is a set of 3 bases called?

Answer 9

A set of 3 bases is called a codon

Question 10

What is tRNA responsible for?

Answer 10

It is responsible for translating the codons

Question 11

What is the starter codons code?

Answer 11

AUG

Question 12

What are the two important regions of TRNA?

Answer 12

1. Amino acid site

2. Anticodon

Question 13

What is translation?

Answer 13

The process of “reading” mRNA and turning it into a protein.