Cellular Respiration Quiz Flashcards
ATP
Adenosine Triphosphate
CR equation
glucose + 6O2 –> —> —> 6CO2 + 6H2O + ATP
max ATP CR can produce
38 ATP
is glycolysis aerobic or anaerobic?
anaerobic
where does glycolysis take place?
cytoplasm
1 glucose forms how many pyruvate in glycolysis?
2 pyruvate
Where is krebs cycle?
mitochondrial matrix
pyruvate is ______ to be converted to acetic acid
oxidized - remove oxygen in form of CO2
How does NAD+ become NADH?
when bonds of pyruvic acid are broken, the electrons are donated to it and it becomes NADH
acetic acid + _____ = Acetyl-CoA
coenzyme A
is krebs cycle aerobic or anaerobic?
aerobic
yield of krebs cycle
2 ATP, 6 NADH, 2 FADH2 (coenzyme) and 4C02 released
input of krebs cycle
Acetyl CoA
what is released during krebs cycle?
4 CO2
ETC location
inner mitochondrial membrane
is ETC aerobic or anaerobic?
aerobic
Does NADH or FADH2 produce more ATP?
NADH- electrons are dropped off earlier in the ETC
what pulls electrons down the ETC
oxygen
what is the energy released during the “fall” of electrons used for?
pumping hydrogen ions across the membrane (creates gradient)
how is ATP formed?
Hydrogen ions moving from high to low concentration thru enzyme ATP synth. create ATP from ADP by adding a phosphate
chemiosmosis
protons travel down electrochemical gradient thru ATP synth. —> ATP
what is the FINAL electron acceptor in aerobic CR?
oxygen
oxygen combines with two hydrogens to make…
6 water (H2O)
range of ATP made/glucose
30-38
substrate level phosphorylation
direct production of ATP - when phosphate is transferred from substrate —> ADP —> ATP
- in glycolysis and Krebs
ADP
adenosine diphosphate
AMP
adenosine monophosphate (looks very sim to a nucleotide)
glycolysis reactants and products
reactants: 1 glucose
products: 2 ATP, 2 NAD+, 2 pyruvate
transition reaction
in between step of glycolysis and Krebs
location: cytoplasm
reactants: pyruvate and coenzyme A
products: acetyl CoA and NADH
ETC reactants and products
reactants: NADH, FADH2, 6O2, H+ ions, ATP synthase
products: 6H20, 30-38 ATP
chemiosmosis in ETC
electrons moving down ETC release energy —> energy used to pump H+ ions out. THEN with diffusion they travel ACROSS membrane thru ATP synthase - ATP
true/false - fermentation does not perform glycolysis
false- both alcoholic and lactic acid fermentation ONLY perform glycolysis
alcoholic fermentation’s reactants and products
glucose —-> 2 pyruvate + 2 ATP + 2 NADH —> 2 ethanol (alcohol) and Co2
lactic acid fermentation happens when?
when muscle cells are not getting enough oxygen
lactic acid fermentation reactants and products
glucose —> 2 pyruvate + 2 ATP + 2 NADH —> 2 lactate (lactic acid)
what does lactic acid do to your muscles?
makes them sore bc it is a toxin that builds up during anaerobic respiration and needs to be browk down
is lactic acid fermentation efficient?
no- it only makes 2 ATP so it will not allow muscles to keep performing for very long after this process has started
what is final electron acceptor in lactic acid fermentation?
pyruvate
kinetic energy
energy of motion
potential energy
energy that is STORED for usage later
e.g. H+ gradient
conservation of energy states…
energy cannot be created nor destroyed
oxidation-reduction-reactions (RedOx reactions)
loss/gain of electrons
What part of CR releases THE MOST c02?
krebs cycle
