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Freshman year > cell structure/function > Flashcards

cell structure/function Flashcards

final review

1
Q

Ribosomes

A

make proteins
located in cytoplasm/RER
made in nucleolus

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2
Q

nucleus

A

double-membraned storage for DNA

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3
Q

plasma memrane

A

semi-permeable membrane that protects cell

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4
Q

what is the plasma membrane made of?

A

phospholipid bilayer

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5
Q

phospholipid parts

A

head- hydrophilic
tail- hydrophobic

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6
Q

hydrocarbon

A

main energy source of the world

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7
Q

cell wall

A

ONLY IN PLANTS; protects/mantains cell shape

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8
Q

what is cell wall made of?

A

cellulose

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9
Q

RER

A

packages products into vesicles and dispatches them
produces protein

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10
Q

SER

A

makes lipids; detoxifies drugs

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11
Q

Examples of lipids

A

steroids, phospholipids

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12
Q

Golgi apparatus

A

modifies, packages, and distributes products (many do exocytosis)

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13
Q

lysosomes

A

sacs with digestive enzymes that fuses with harmful objects to break it down

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14
Q

vacuole

A

storage of materials

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15
Q

central vacuole

A

only in plants
pumps out excess water, store nutrients, helps growth, contains pigments/poisons

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16
Q

chloroplasts

A

PHOTOSYNTHETIC organelles only in plant cells
contains chlorophyll

17
Q

stroma

A

fluid within chloroplast cavity

18
Q

grana

A

stacks of thylakoids; trap sun’s energy

19
Q

thylakoid

A

disc making up stacks; contains chlorophyll

20
Q

mitochondria

A

double membraned organelle that performs Cellular Respiration

21
Q

cristae

A

inner foldings of mitochondria

22
Q

endomembrane system organelles are…

A

nucleus, plasma membrane, ER, vesicles, golgi, lysosomes

23
Q

organelles that are double membraned and have their own DNA

A

nucleus, mitochondria, chloroplasts

24
Q

flagella

A

singular; propel cells
only on one human cell- sperm

25
Q

cilia

A

shorter + numerous cell propellers

26
Q

centrosomes

A

create mitotic spindle

27
Q

Prokaryotes make up…

A

bacteria, archaea

28
Q

eukaryotes make up…

A

protists, plants, animals, fungi

29
Q

do prokaryotes have a nucleus?

A

no- they have a nucleoid that contains chromatin

30
Q

Do eukaryotes or prokaryotes has membrane-bound organelles?

A

eukaryotes

31
Q

what do plant cells have that animal cells don’t?

A

chloroplasts, cell wall, square shape, central vacuole

32
Q

what do animal cells have that plant cells don’t?

A

centrosomes, lysosomes, round shape

33
Q
A

Freshman year (28 decks)

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