Cellular Respiration & Fermentation

Question 1

Electrons have potential energy
Catabolic reactions require the passing of electrons from food to the energy carries through these reactions

Answer 1

Redox reactions

Question 2

Loses electrons (becomes more positive)

Answer 2

Oxidation

Question 3

Receives electrons (reduces charge)

Answer 3

Reduction

Question 4

The transfer of energy from food to generate ATP requires?

Answer 4

Enzymes & co-enzymes

Question 5

1. Glycolysis
   • transition step
2. Krebs cycle
3. Oxidative phosphorylation

Answer 5

Cellular respiration steps

Question 6

Metabolic pathway
Uses redox reactions
Extract energy in form of glucose
Build ATP

Answer 6

Cellular respiration

Question 7

Goal: begin the breakdown of glucose
Series of reactions convert glucose into 3 forms of energy
Occurs in cytoplasm
Does not require O2

Answer 7

Step 1: glycolysis

Question 8

1. Energy investment- use 2 ATP to start reactions, add phosphate to glucose
2. Lysis- cleaves the 6-carbon sugar in half
3. Energy payoff - generate energy

Answer 8

3 stages of glycolysis reactions

Question 9

1. Glucose phosphorylated w/ 2 ATP
2. Phosphorylated glucose splits into two 3-carbon molecules
3. Each 3-carbon molecule is phosphorylated again.
4. 2 NAD pick up H+ & e- from each carbon molecule to make NADH+H+e-
5. Phosphorylate 4 ADP to make 4 ATP using substrate level phosphorylation
6. Resulting 3-carbon product is pyruvate & goes to kreb cycle

Answer 9

Cellular respiration: glycolysis

Question 10

1. Pyruvate is attached to coenzyme A
2. NAD picks up e- & H ions, leaves as NADH+H(+e-)
3. One carbon leaves as CO2 resulting in acetyl-Co A&raquo_space; goes to kreb cycle

Answer 10

Cell respiration: transition step

Question 11

1. Acetyl-CoA joins w/ oxaloacetate to make citrate (6 carbons)
2. Citrate loses H+ & e- two times to make 2 NADH+H+(e-), 2 CO2 produced
3. One ATP is formed
4. FAD picks up H+ & e- to make FADH2(+e-) carrying electrons to the ETC
5. NAD picks up one more set of H+& e- to generate one more NADH+H(+e-) to form oxaloacetate

Answer 11

Aerobic cellular respiration: Krebs cycle

Question 12

Location of the ETC
Convert potential energy from electrons into a proton motive force which is used to assemble ATP
Prokaryotes- cell membrane
Eukaryotes- inner membrane of mitochondria

Answer 12

Oxidative phosphorylation

Question 13

Oxidative phosphorylation, potential energy in electrons is used to pump H across the ETC

Answer 13

Proton motive force

Question 14

Occurs when electrons of NADH are put back on to pyruvate @ end of glycolysis forming waste products like lactic acid
No O2 is consumed

Answer 14

Fermentation