Cellular Respiration

Question 0

How is this energy stored?

Answer 0

ATP molecules

Question 1

What is cellular respiration ?

Answer 1

Cellular respiration is the process by which organic compounds are broken down sequentially to produce energy that is usually immediately

Question 2

Why is energy stored in ATP molecules ?

Answer 2

Because they are in small quantities and are readily available.

Question 3

How is ATP made (equation )

Answer 3

ADP + Pi+ energy -> ATP + water

Question 4

What enzyme is need to synthesise ATP ?

Answer 4

ATP synthase.

Question 5

How is ATP broken down for it to be used(equation ) ?

Answer 5

ATP +water -> ADP + Pi+energy

Question 6

What enzyme is needed to breakdown ATP ?

Answer 6

ATP ase

Question 7

What is phosphorylation ?

Answer 7

The adding of inorganic phosphate molecule

Question 8

Which human cells need to produce large amounts of ATP ?

Answer 8

Cardiac muscle cells

Lung cells

Question 9

Why do organisms require energy ?

Answer 9

To carry out metabolic activities needed for organisms to function

Question 10

Does anaerobic respiration require oxygen ?

Answer 10

No, but can happen in its presence.

Question 11

What drives fermentation?

Answer 11

NADH

Question 12

What is the initial stage of anaerobic respiration?

Answer 12

Glycolysis

Question 13

How much energy does glycolysis produce ?

Answer 13

2 ATP

Question 14

In glycolysis what are the inputs?

Answer 14

Glucose

Question 15

In glycolysis, what are the outputs?

Answer 15

2 pyruvates
2 NADH
2 ATP

Question 16

What are the inputs in fermentation in animal cells

Answer 16

2 pyruvates

Question 17

Outputs in animals for fermentation

Answer 17

2 lactic acid

Question 18

Inputs for fermentation in plants, fungi , bacteria ?

Answer 18

2 pyruvates

Question 19

Outputs for plants, fungi, bacteria in fermentation ?

Answer 19

2 ethanol and 2 carbon dioxide

Question 20

Two products for fermentation

Answer 20

Bread - yeast

Wine - ethanol

Question 21

What is the purpose of fermentation ?

Answer 21

It acts as a feedback mechanism when pyruvates accumulate faster than they are being removed. Anaerobic respiration will slow down glycolysis which in turn could slow down aerobic respiration.

Question 22

Cellular respiration equation

Answer 22

C6h12o6+6o2->

36/38 ATP +6Co2+6h2o

Question 23

3 stages of aerobic respiration

Answer 23

Glycolysis (cytosol ) 
Krebs cycle (mitochondria 's matrix ) 
Electron transfer (mitochondria's cristae)

Question 24

Outer membrane of mitochondria

Answer 24

Phospholipid | Ions, nutrients , ATP, ADP easily

Question 25

Inner membrane of mitochondria

Answer 25

Freely permeable to oxygen, c02, Water

Question 26

Inter membrane space

Answer 26

Oxidative phosphorylation happens here | Space between the two membranes

Question 27

Matrix

Answer 27

Contains enzyme for citric acid cycle

Question 28

Cells which need a lot of Mitochondrion.

Answer 28

Cardiac muscle cells. | Lung cells

Question 29

Evidence for endosymbiotic theory

Answer 29

Binary fission Ribosomes Circular DNA

Question 30

The endosymbiotic theory

Answer 30

Organelles were once free living bacteria that were engulfed by primitive cells. The bacteria evolved to live symbiotically with cells. This explains for choloroplasts, mitochondria

Question 31

The inputs of glycolysis

Answer 31

``` 2 NAD 2 H GLUCOSE 2 ATP 2 Pi ```

Question 32

Outputs of glycolysis

Answer 32

2 Pi 2 ATP 2 NADH

Question 33

What are the inputs of Krebs cycle

Answer 33

2 Pi +2 ADP 8 NAD +8H 2 FAD+ 2H

Question 34

Outputs of Kreb's cycle

Answer 34

6 CO2 2 ATP 8NADH 2 FADH

Question 35

Inputs of electron transfer

Answer 35

6O2 10 NADH 2 FADH

Question 36

Outputs of electron transfer

Answer 36

6h2O 32 ATP/ 34 ATP 10 NAD+10H +10 electrons 2 FAD+2H+ 2 electrons

Question 37

Cytochromes

Answer 37

Electron carrier proteins found in inner membrane of Mitochondrion Used in electron transport

Question 38

The inputs of glycolysis

Answer 38

``` 2 NAD 2 H GLUCOSE 2 ATP 2 Pi ```

Question 39

Outputs of glycolysis

Answer 39

2 Pi 2 ATP 2 NADH

Question 40

What are the inputs of Krebs cycle

Answer 40

2 Pi +2 ADP 8 NAD +8H 2 FAD+ 2H

Question 41

Outputs of Kreb's cycle

Answer 41

6 CO2 2 ATP 8NADH 2 FADH

Question 42

Inputs of electron transfer

Answer 42

6O2 10 NADH 2 FADH

Question 43

Outputs of electron transfer

Answer 43

6h2O 32 ATP/ 34 ATP 10 NAD+10H +10 electrons 2 FAD+2H+ 2 electrons

Question 44

Cytochromes

Answer 44

Electron carrier proteins found in inner membrane of Mitochondrion Used in electron transport