bio macromolecules

Question 0

Characteristics of monosaccharides

Answer 0

Soluble
Osmotically active
Lower water potential

Question 1

Elements and composition of carb

Answer 1

Carbon
Hydrogen
Oxygen

Cn H2n On

Question 2

Glucose

Answer 2

Found in all animals

Question 3

Galactose

Answer 3

Present in milk sugars from mammals

Question 4

Fructose

Answer 4

Common in plants

Question 5

Disaccharides- how are they broken down?

Answer 5

Hydrolysis breaks down organic compounds

Question 6

Maltose

Answer 6

Brewing beer

Question 7

Lactose

Answer 7

Milk sugar

Question 8

Sucrose

Answer 8

Transport sugars in plants

Question 9

Functions of carbohydrates

Answer 9

Converted to other organic compounds (amino acids, fats)
Formation of nucleic acids
Synthesis of lubricants
Synthesis of nectar

Question 10

Differences between starch and glycogen

Answer 10

Starch stores energy in plants,glycogen stores energy in animals

Question 11

Similarities between glycogen and starch

Answer 11

Both stores of glucose

Both are polysaccharides

Question 12

Similarities between cellulose and starch

Answer 12

Both are insoluble 
Both consist of glucose units 
Both are located in plants
Both have hydrogen bonds between glucose molecules 
Both are polysaccharides

Question 13

The chemical formula for disaccharides

Answer 13

C12 H22 O 11

Question 14

Glycogen

Answer 14

Highly branched
Chemical energy storage in animals
Made and stored in animals, fungi, NOT plants

Question 15

Lipids are NOT

Answer 15

Monomers

Question 16

Why are they not used as an energy source rather than carbohydrate, though they have more energy?

Answer 16

They provide insulation and are needed firstly for this purpose.

Question 17

Where are lipids made in cells

Answer 17

Smooth endoplasmic reticulum.

Question 18

Saturated fatty acids do not have

Answer 18

Double bonds

Question 19

Unsaturated fatty acids have

Answer 19

At least one double bond

Question 20

What is the purpose of cholesterol ?

Answer 20

Helps membrane be more fluid and more stable.

Question 21

What is the purpose of steroids !

Answer 21

Steroids transport messages around the body

Question 22

Primary structure

Answer 22

Sequence of amino acids

Question 23

Secondary structure

Answer 23

Arrangements caused by particular sequences - alpha helix, beta pleated sheet

Question 24

Nucleic acids

Answer 24

``` Carbon Hydrogen Oxygen Nitrogen Phosphorus ```

Question 25

Tertiary structure

Answer 25

Proteins fold to form 3D shape .

Question 26

Lipids

Answer 26

Carbon Hydrogen Oxygen (Phosphorus)

Question 27

Proteins

Answer 27

``` Carbohydrates Hydrogen Oxygen Nitrogen Phosphorus Sulphur ```

Question 28

Similarities (1) between starch and glycogen

Answer 28

They both form spiral molecules.

Question 29

Purines

Answer 29

Double ring structure | Adenine and guanine

Question 30

Pyrimidines

Answer 30

Single ring structure Thymine Cytosine

Question 31

Double hydrogen bonding is found between which nucleotides ?

Answer 31

Adenine and thymine

Question 32

Triple hydrogen bondings

Answer 32

Cytosine and guanine

Question 33

Transport protein

Answer 33

Carry or transport substances from one location to another

Question 34

Antigen

Answer 34

Acts as identity tags

Question 35

Hormone

Answer 35

Secreted in small amounts | Regulates the function of another cell, tissue, organ.

Question 36

Globular proteins

Answer 36

Soluable in water

Question 37

Enzyme

Answer 37

Biological catalysts

Question 38

Protein channel

Answer 38

Allows some ions, some water soluble particles

Question 39

Receptor

Answer 39

Receives information from outside cell

Question 40

Fibrous

Answer 40

Elongated proteins Tough and insoluble Structural

Question 41

Quaternary structure

Answer 41

One or more polypeptides