Cellular Organelles Flashcards
What are the 3 structural components of cell membranes?
Lipid bilayer, protein, cholesterol
What are the functions of the cell membrane lipid bilayer?
Separate out from in
What are the functions of the 2 cell membrane proteins?
Integral = pore
(removal disrupts mmbrn)
Peripheral = spectrin
(removal ≠ disrupt mmbrn)
What is the function of cholesterol in cell membranes?
^cholesterol = less fluid
Decrease cholesterol = more fluid
What is the structure of the Nucleus? It is the site of what functions?
Outer membrane of nucleus continuous w/ ER
Site of: DNA replication, Transcription (DNA -> RNA)
Name the 2 types of ER, what are their functions?
rER: membrane + secreted protein synthesis
sER: membrane phospholipids + cholesterol synthesis
What is the structure of the Golgi Apparatus? Where is it cis? Trans?
5 stacks: cis next to ER, trans toward mmbrn
What are the functions of the Golgi Apparatus?
Glycosylation (add/remove sugars), Glycocalyx synthesis
What are Glycocalyx composed of? Where are they found? What do they function in?
(-) charged glycolipids/proteins
Only on outside of cell
ABO blood type, immune + autoimmune functions
What is the structure of a lysosome?
Vesicle filled w/ digestive enzymes
What are the functions of the enzymes w/in lysosomes?
acid hydrolases
(Proteases breakdown protein, lipases breakdown fat, amylases breakdown carbs)
What is the structure of Mitochondria? What are the functions of these structures?
Outer + inner membrane w/ matrix
Has own DNA
Inner mmbrn = ETC
Matrix = Kreb’s
What is the structure of Peroxisomes? What is their function and what enzyme w/in them allows for this?
Lipid bilayer w/ oxidative core
Detoxification via Catalase
What is the structure of Cytoskeleton?
Microfilaments, Intermediate filaments, Microtubules
Name the microfilaments in the cytoskeleton?
Actin + mysoin
