Cells and transport processes Flashcards
What is the genetic site for prokaryotic cells?
Single DNA loop.
What are the factors affecting enzyme activity?
Temperature
pH
Concentration
Why do enzymes work better in higher temperatures?
Kinetic energy increases, this leads to more successful collisions.
How are root hair cells adapted to absorb more water and mineral ions?
Large surface area to absorb more water.
And lots of mitochondria to release energy from respiration for active transport.
Is osmosis a passive process?
Yes.
Describe the relationship of osmosis in potatoes when the solution concentration is low:
When the solution’s concentration is low, the ____________________.
Water moves from _____________________ in the solution to _____________________ in potato cells by osmosis.
mass increases
high concentration
low concentration
When the solution concentration and the potato cell concentration are equal,
the ____________________ in solution and the potato cell water concentration are ________.
So, ____________________ of water by ____________.
water concentration
equal
no net movement
osmosis
Describe the relationship of osmosis in potatoes when the solution concentration is high:
When the solution’s concentration is high, the ____________________.
Water moves from _____________________ in the potato cells to _____________________ of water in the solution by osmosis.
mass decreases
high concentration
low concentration
What does the phloem do?
Carries food (sugars).
What is transpiration?
The evaporation of water from spongy mesophyll and the loss of water through the stomata.
What does the xylem do?
Carries water and mineral ions.
How is the xylem adapted for its function?
It has a thicker wall to withstand pressure changes.
It is stiffed with lignin.
How is the phloem adapted for its function?
It has a thinner wall.
It has end walls made of sieve plates.
Which direction does the xylem go?
Up only. From roots to stem.
Which direction does the phloem go?
Up and down from leaves to rest of the plant.
