Cells and the microscope Flashcards
What’s the nucleus function?
Code to make protein
Where is the nucleus found?
In all cells but not bacteria cells
What’s the structure of the nucleus?
Contains chromatin/chromosomes which is the organisms DNA
What is an organelle ?
An organelle is a membrane enclosed structure within a cell with a specialised function
What’s the plural for mitochondria?
Mitochondrion
What’s the structure of mitochondria?
Contains outer membrane and a folded inner membrane
It’s also contains mitochondrial DNA
What’s the function of mitochondria?
Aerobic respiration occurs in the mitochondrion releasing energy
Where is the chloroplast found?
In plants specifically
What’s the structure of chloroplasts?
Contains pigments called chlorophyll
What’s the function of chloroplasts?
Photosynthesis occurs in the chloroplasts producing food for the plant
Where is the vacuole found?
In most cells, but plants cells have a larger vacuole
What’s the structure of the vacuole?
Fluid filled storage sac
What’s the function of the vacuole?
The vacuole stored nutrients and wastes
What is another words for cell membrane?
Plasma membrane
Where is the cell membrane found?
In all cells
What’s the structure of the cell membrane?
Made of phospholipids and protein
What are the two functions of cell membrane?
1.Cell membranes are semi-permeable
2.Cells membrane gives structure and support
Where is the cell wall found?
In plant cells,fungal cells,bacterial cells
What’s the structure of the cell wall in plant cells?
Carbohydrate cellulose
What is the structure of the cell wall in fungi
Carbohydrate chitin
What does the ribosome NOT have?
A cell membrane
Where is the ribosome found?
All cells
What’s the structure of the ribosome?
Contains a large and small subnit
What’s the function on ribosome?
Make protein
What is cytoplasm?
Fluid in a cell with organelle suspended
Whats cytosol?
Cytoplasm minus the organelle
What does the eyepiece lens do?
Magnifies sample
What does the course focus wheel do?
Coarsely focus/magnifies sample
What does the diaphragm do?
Controls the amount of light/adjusts light
What does the objective lens do?
Directly observes the object the microscope user is examining
What does the fine focus wheel do?
Finely focuses the sample
What does the stage do?
Hold the sample
What plant cell is used for viewing under a microscope
Onion cells
What stain is used for onion cells?
Iodine
At what angle is the coverslip placed at?
45 degrees
What is used to place the coverslip?
A needle
What thickness is the onion cell?
A thin piece of translucent onion cell
What animal cell is used to view under a microscope
Cheek cells
How do you obtain the animal cell?
Using a cotton ball, swab inside of cheek
What stain is used for an animal cell?
Methylene blue
What’s the purpose of the of the iodine stain?
Stains the nucleus and cell wall brown-more visible under the microscope
Whats the purpose of methylene blue?
Stains nucleus blue and cytoplasm light blue-more visible under the microscope
Why was water added to the tissues?
To prevent it from drying out
How were the stains and water added?
A dropper
What is the purpose of the coverslip?
1.Protect the lens
2.prevent the cells/tissue of drying out
Why is the sample always viewed under low power first?
1.To get a general view before a more detailed one
2.To prevent lens damage
What’s the calculation method to find the size of the image?
Total magnification-eyepiece magnification-objective magnification
