Cell Division

Question 1

What is a chromosome?

Answer 1

Structure of DNA and protein

Question 2

What is the role of a chromosome?

Answer 2

Contains genes that code for protein

Question 3

What is cell continuity?

Answer 3

All cells develop from pre-existing cells

Question 4

What are the 2 types of cell division?

Answer 4

Mitosis and Meiosis

Question 5

What are somatic cells?

Answer 5

Body cells except gamete’s
Diploid (2n)=produced by mitosis

Question 6

What are gametes?

Answer 6

Cells capable of fusion (Haploid)

Question 7

How many copies of chromosomes are there in a diploid cell?

Answer 7

Two copies of each chromosomes

Question 8

How many copies of chromosomes are there in a haploid cell?

Answer 8

One copy of each chromosome

Question 9

Definition of mitosis?

Answer 9

Form a cell division, one nucleus divides to form two identical nuclei with the same number of chromosomes

Question 10

Function of mitosis in unicellular

Answer 10

Asexual reproduction

Question 11

Function of mitosis in multicellular organisms

Answer 11

Growth and repair of tissues

Question 12

Cells that do not undergo mitosis

Answer 12

1.Red blood cells
2.Gametes

Question 13

Cells that are not produced by mitosis

Answer 13

Gametes (sperm and egg)

Question 14

What is cancer?

Answer 14

Group of cells lose ability to control the rate of mitosis

Question 15

Types of cancer?

Answer 15

Benign and malignant

Question 16

What do carcinogens do?

Answer 16

Agents that cause cancer

Question 17

Examples of carcinogens

Answer 17

Ultra violent rays (UV)

Question 18

Define Meiosis?

Answer 18

Form of cell division, one nucleus divides to form 4 un-identical nuclei with half the number of chromosomes as the parent nucleus

Question 19

Where does meiosis occur?

Answer 19

In the testes and ovaries

Question 20

Function of meiosis

Answer 20

1.Allows asexual reproduction/fertilisation without increasing the chromosome number
2.Genetic variation

Question 21

Define interphase?

Answer 21

Stage on a cell cycle cell division is not taking place (90% of cycle)

Question 22

Name the cellular activities?

Answer 22

Respiration, Photosynthesis, Protein synthesis

Question 23

How are Biomolecules (food) made?

Answer 23

Protein and carbohydrates

Question 24

How does the organelle replicated?

Answer 24

Mitochondria and chloroplasts (plant)

Question 25

Processes involving genetic variation

Answer 25

Condensation and duplication

Question 26

Name the 4 stages of mitosis

Answer 26

1.Prophase
2.Metaphase
3.Anaphase
4.Telophase

Question 27

What happens in the Prophase?

Answer 27

1.Nuclear membrane breaks down
2.condensed visible chromosomes
3,spindle fibres forming

Question 28

What happens in the metaphase?

Answer 28

1.Spindle attached to chromosome’s at centromere
2.chromosomes lined up at equator

Question 29

What happens in the anaphase?

Answer 29

1.spindle fibres contract
2. Identical chromosomes pulled apart

Question 30

What happens in the telophase

Answer 30

1.new nuclear membrane forms
2.spindles broken down
3.two new identical nuclei forms

Question 31

Define cytokinesis?

Answer 31

Splitting of cell itself as mitosis is ending

Question 32

Cytokinesis in animal cells

Answer 32

Cleavage furrow splits cell in two

Question 33

Cytokinesis in plant cells

Answer 33

Cell wall prevents cleavage furrow
Cell plate forms instead - becomes two cell walls