Cells And Cells Transport Flashcards
Diffusion
Movement of a substance down of concentration gradient (high—>low)
Osmosis
Of water across membrane down a concentration gradient (high—>low)
Phospholipid bilayer structure
Double layer of phospholipid molecules with fluid consistency
Hydrophilic heads face out hydrophobic tails face in
Cholesterol structure
Lipid distributed amongst phospholipids
Active transport
Transport that requires ATP
Passive transport
Transport not requiring ATP
Facilitated Transport
Movement of particles down a concentration gradient with assistance of a channel or carrier program
Solution
A mixture of a solute in the solvent
Solute
Substance being dissolved
Solvent
Substance doing the dissolving
Hypertonic solution
Concentration of solute inside the cell is lower than outside the cell so water moves out of the cell
Cell size shrinks
Hypotonic solution
Concentration of solute inside the cell is higher than outside the cell, so the water moves into the cell
Cell size swells
Isotonic solution
Concentration of solute inside the cell is equal to the outside of cell
Cell size stays the same
Exocytosis
Vesicle created in cell transported to and fuses with cell membrane to release substances
Inside—>outside
Endocytosis
Intake of substances into the cell by the pinching of the plasma membrane to form a vesicle
Outside—>inside
Phagocytosis (type of endocytosis)
Intakes the item inward while engulfing around it
Outside—> inside
Pinocytosis (cell drinking)
Cell engulfs small particles or liquids
Outside—> inside
How is cell surface related to importing/exporting substances?
A large cell requires the acquisition of more nutrients and also the removal of more waste so it requires more surface area compared to volume
