Cells

Question 1

Why is a cell so small?

Answer 1

Volume increases faster than surface area; must remain small in order to not exceed surface area

Question 2

Cell

Answer 2

Smallest unit of life

Question 3

Plasma Membrane

Answer 3

Selectively permeable membrane encompassing cells

Question 4

What is the cell membrane’s main structural component?

Answer 4

The phospholipid bilayer

Question 5

Plasma Membrane functions

Answer 5

Regulation of things in/out
Cell recognition
Cell to cell communication
Cell to cell adhesion

Question 6

Simple diffusion

Answer 6

Movement of solute from high to low concentrations

Question 7

Osmosis

Answer 7

Movement of water from high to low concentration

Question 8

Facilitated diffusion

Answer 8

Movement from high to low concentration using transport proteins

Question 9

Active Transport

Answer 9

Movement from low to high concentration; requires energy

Question 10

Endocytosis

Answer 10

Movement of large molecules or large amounts of small molecules into the cell

Question 11

Phagocytosis

Answer 11

Type of endocytosis; cell eating (occurs with large molecules)

Question 12

Pinocytosis

Answer 12

Type of endocytosis; cell drinking (occurs with groups of small molecules)

Question 13

Exocytosis

Answer 13

Movement of large molecules out of a cell using vesicles

Question 14

Nucleus

Answer 14

Houses DNA

Question 15

Rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER)

Answer 15

Network of channels connected to nuclear envelope and studded with ribosomes

Question 16

Ribosomes

Answer 16

Sight of protein synthesis

Question 17

Golgi complex

Answer 17

Receives proteins, conducts further processing, sorting, and packaging; exports lysosomes

Question 18

Lysosomes

Answer 18

Conduct intercellular digestion

Question 19

Intercellular digestion

Answer 19

Enzymatic breakdown of worn out organelles, other molecules, foreign invaders, etc.

Question 20

Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum

Answer 20

Lacks ribosomes; detoxifies alcohol and other drugs; produces phospholipids

Question 21

Mitochondria

Answer 21

Site of energy “production”; has double membrane; contains its own DNA and ribosomes

Question 22

Cytoskeleton

Answer 22

Composed of microtubules, microfilaments, and intermediate filaments