cells Flashcards
animal cell
nucleus, cell membrane, ribosomes, cytoplasm, mitochondria, vacuole
plant cell
chloroplasts, nucleus, vacuole, ribosomes, cell wall, cell membrane, mitochondria
cells
the smallest units from which all organisms are made of
unicellular
made of one single cell
multicellular
made of many cells
electron micrograph
an image taken with and electro miscroscope, these can magnify up to 500,000 times
cell membrane
thin layer of protein and fat
surrounds cytoplasm
contorls what enters the cell
partially permeable
cell wall
a layer of cellulose that surrounds the cell membrane
protects and supports the cell
fully permeable
cytoplasm
clear jelly material that fills the cell
70% of water
has substance dissolved in it
metabolic reaction takes place
vacuole
a fluid filled sack inside a cell wiht its own cell membrane around it
nucleus
stores genetic information in form of chromosomes made of DNA
chlorophyll
contains green pigment
absorbs energy from sunlight to create food for the plant
contain starch grains
mitochondria
where aerobic respiration takes place
ribosomes
found in almost all plant and animal cells
where cell makes protein using DNA info
Magnification equation
size of image / actual size of object
bacteria
structure
unicellular
cell wall made of peptidoglycan
plasmids
circular DNA
cell membrane
cytoplasm
ribosomes
what do bacteria not have
mitochondria, vacuole, chloroplasts, nucleus
cell wall in bacteria
made of peptidoglycan
stops cell from bursting
prokaryotic cells
“cells before nucleus”
bacteria
have a circle of DNA sometimes called bacterial chromosomes
instruct
plasmids
prokaryotic cells have sometimes 1 or more smaller circles of DNA called plasmids
flagella
some have a long hair- like structures that rotates to help move bacterias around
specialised cells
cells that have a particular function to perform and have slightly different adaptations to help them do it effectively
cell division
cells divide to create new cells
this is true for animal, plant and bacteria cells
ciliated cell
found in the lining of the trachea bronchi
cilia help move mucus upwards
neuron cell
found in the nervous system
conduct electrical impulses
red blood cell
found in the blood of mammals
transports oxygen
sperm cell
found in testes of mammals
its the male gamete of sexual reproduction
egg cell
found in ovaries of mammals
the female gamete of sexual reproduction
root hair cell
near tips of the roots of flowering plants
absorbtion of water and mineral ions
palisade mesophyll cell
in leaves of flowering plants
photosythesis
tissues
group of cells that perform the same job form tissues
organ
group of different tissues that carry out a particular function
