cells Flashcards

1
Q

animal cell

A

nucleus, cell membrane, ribosomes, cytoplasm, mitochondria, vacuole

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2
Q

plant cell

A

chloroplasts, nucleus, vacuole, ribosomes, cell wall, cell membrane, mitochondria

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3
Q

cells

A

the smallest units from which all organisms are made of

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4
Q

unicellular

A

made of one single cell

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5
Q

multicellular

A

made of many cells

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6
Q

electron micrograph

A

an image taken with and electro miscroscope, these can magnify up to 500,000 times

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7
Q

cell membrane

A

thin layer of protein and fat
surrounds cytoplasm
contorls what enters the cell
partially permeable

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8
Q

cell wall

A

a layer of cellulose that surrounds the cell membrane
protects and supports the cell
fully permeable

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9
Q

cytoplasm

A

clear jelly material that fills the cell
70% of water
has substance dissolved in it
metabolic reaction takes place

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10
Q

vacuole

A

a fluid filled sack inside a cell wiht its own cell membrane around it

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11
Q

nucleus

A

stores genetic information in form of chromosomes made of DNA

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12
Q

chlorophyll

A

contains green pigment
absorbs energy from sunlight to create food for the plant
contain starch grains

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13
Q

mitochondria

A

where aerobic respiration takes place

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14
Q

ribosomes

A

found in almost all plant and animal cells
where cell makes protein using DNA info

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15
Q

Magnification equation

A

size of image / actual size of object

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16
Q

bacteria
structure

A

unicellular
cell wall made of peptidoglycan
plasmids
circular DNA
cell membrane
cytoplasm
ribosomes

17
Q

what do bacteria not have

A

mitochondria, vacuole, chloroplasts, nucleus

18
Q

cell wall in bacteria

A

made of peptidoglycan
stops cell from bursting

19
Q

prokaryotic cells

A

“cells before nucleus”
bacteria
have a circle of DNA sometimes called bacterial chromosomes
instruct

20
Q

plasmids

A

prokaryotic cells have sometimes 1 or more smaller circles of DNA called plasmids

21
Q

flagella

A

some have a long hair- like structures that rotates to help move bacterias around

22
Q

specialised cells

A

cells that have a particular function to perform and have slightly different adaptations to help them do it effectively

23
Q

cell division

A

cells divide to create new cells
this is true for animal, plant and bacteria cells

24
Q

ciliated cell

A

found in the lining of the trachea bronchi
cilia help move mucus upwards

25
neuron cell
found in the nervous system conduct electrical impulses
26
red blood cell
found in the blood of mammals transports oxygen
27
sperm cell
found in testes of mammals its the male gamete of sexual reproduction
28
egg cell
found in ovaries of mammals the female gamete of sexual reproduction
29
root hair cell
near tips of the roots of flowering plants absorbtion of water and mineral ions
30
palisade mesophyll cell
in leaves of flowering plants photosythesis
31
tissues
group of cells that perform the same job form tissues
32
organ
group of different tissues that carry out a particular function