Cell Structure - exam style questions (gone wrong)

Question 1

What is the function of the SER ?

Answer 1

transport / synthesis / metabolism, of, fats / lipids /
steroid (hormones) / carbohydrates ;

Question 2

Two features of a plant cell that are not present in an animal cell

Answer 2

• permenant vacuole
• cell wall

Question 3

One structure present in animal cells and not plant

Answer 3

• Centriole

Question 4

Decsribe role of cytoskeleton

Answer 4

1 (whole) cell, support / stability / scaffolding /
maintain shape ;
2 movement of, cilia / flagella / undulipodia OR use
of cilia / flagellum / undulipodium to move cell ;
3 changing shape of cell / cytokinesis / pseudopodia /
phagocytosis / endocytosis / exocytosis /
muscle contraction ;
4 (named) organelles, moved / held in place ;
5 movement of, chromosomes / chromatids / (m)RNA ;

Question 5

Outline how organelles work together to produce and release protein molecules from the cells.

Answer 5

1 nucleus , contains gene (for protein) / site of
transcription / produces mRNA ;
2 ribosomes / rough endoplasmic reticulum / RER, site
of, protein synthesis / translation ;

3 vesicles for transport (of protein) ;
4 Golgi (apparatus / body), processes / modifies /
(re)packages, proteins ;
5 (vesicles) fuse to, cell surface / plasma, membrane ;

Question 6

Resolution of light microscope and TEM

Answer 6

light 50 - 200 nm / 0.05 - 0.2 m ;
TEM 0.05 - 1.0 nm ;

Question 7

Name one structure, associated with the cytoskeleton, which can bring about cell
movement.

Answer 7

Flagellum

Question 8

Suggest two processes inside cells that rely on the cytoskeleton for movement.

Answer 8

• (movement inside cells of)
  chromosomes / chromatids (in cell division) ;
  (cytoplasm in) cytokinesis ;
  organelles / named organelle ;
  RNA (in protein synthesis) ;
  proteins ;

Question 9

Outline the sequence of events following the production of extracellular proteins that leads to
their release from the cell.

Answer 9

proteins moved to Golgi (apparatus / body) ;
processed / modified / AW ;
into vesicles ;

(vesicle) moved to, plasma / cell surface, membrane ;
(vesicles) fuse with membrane ;
exocytosis ;

Question 10

Compare and contrast SEM and TEM

Answer 10

• Both use electrons
• Both use vaccums so no live tissue
• Both have a higher resolution than optical microscopes
• Both have higher magnification than optical microscopes
• SEM produce 3D images TEM cant
• TEM has a higher magnification