Cell Structure and Function Flashcards
What is another name for the cell membrane?
surface membrane or the plasma membrane
The cell membrane is….
partially permeable/selectively permeable- allows some substances to pass through
What does the cell membrane do?
Forms a barrier between the cell and the environment. Controls what enters and leaves the cell.
The cell wall is…..
Fully permeable- allows most substances to past through
What is the cell wall made of?
cellulose- very rigid and strong
What is the function of the cell wall?
To support and protect the cell.
Give it a fixed shape
Prevent the cell from bursting if it absorbs too much water.
What is the cytoplasm?
Its a clear jelly substance
contains 70% water and dissolved substances
What is the function of the cytoplasm?
Supports the organelles
A site of chemical reactions for eg respiration
What does the nucleus do?
hold chromosomes which contains genetic information.
Controls all cell activity
controls how the cell develop
What is another name for the mitochondria?
The power house of the cell.
What happens in the mitochondria?
Respiration takes place.
when respiration takes place carbon dioxide is released and water and energy is produced.
What is the vacuole?
A space in the cell surrounded by a membrane containing a solution.
How is the vacuole used in the plant cell?
it contains a large permanent vacuole.
contains a solution of sugars and other substances called the cell sap.
Supports the cell when turgid
Stores food and cell waste.
How is the vacuole used in and animal cell?
it contains small temporary vacuoles.
used as a vehicle to transport substances.
may contain food ,water and waste
What is a cell?
cells are basic building blocks of living things. Can be seen only with a mircoscope therefore described ad microscopic
What is unicellular and multicellular? Give examples
unicellular- being composed of a single cell, eg. bacteria,yeast
multicellular- being composed of many cells eg plants and animals
What does chloroplast contain?
Its contains a green pigment called chlorophyll which is used to absorb sunlight during photosynthesis.
Contains starch grains which are made during photosynthesis.
What is glycogen granules?
glucose is stored in the animal cell in the form of glycogen granules.
What are the similarities between the animal and plant cell?
They both have:
cell membrane
nucleus
cytoplasm
mitochondria
What are the differences between the animal and plant cell?
The plant cell has a cell wall while the animal cell doesn’t.
The plant cell has a large permanent vacuole while the animal cell has small temporary vacuoles.
The plane cell has a fixed shape while the animal cell has no fixed shape.
plant cells store food in starch grains while animal cells stores food in glycogen granules.
Plant cells contains chloroplasts and chlorophyll while the animal cell doesn’t.
