Cell Signaling 2 Flashcards
Refresh: fill in the blanks.
What exactly does cholera toxin do
Inactivates GTPase, meaning persistent increase of camp -> increase of PKA -> increase OPEN CFTR -> increase in fluid secretion.
What is oxytocin?
Hormone that stimulates smooth muscle construction in the uterus(during childbirth) and in the breast (during lactation).
Test: fill in the blanks and explain how oxytocin causes contractions.
The oxytocin receptor(G protein coupled signaling) increases calcium levels, which is what signals for contractions.
What does Gq do?
Activates phospholipase C (release of Ca++ from intercellular stores)
vey big test: explain boxes 1-5
What does -lipase mean. (Ex. Phospholipase)
Cleaves a lipid.
What does Phospholipase C do?
Cleaves a membrane phospholipid to make second messenger: IP3 (and DAG)
What does IP3 do? What is it?
IP3 is a second messenger that releases calcium from internal calcium stores.
What does Efferent mean?
Going away from.
What are the two neuron pathways? What do they supply/do?
- Somatic efferent neurons: they signal skeletal muscle cells.
- Autonomic efferent neurons: they signal everything else.
What do somatic efferent neurons do?
Innervate skeletal muscle.
(Innervate means to supply with nerves)
What do autonomic efferent neurons do?
Innervate everything else that somatic efferent neurons don’t do.
(Smooth muscle, cardiac muscle, glands…)
Where are Nicotinic acetylcholine receptors found?
Neuromuscular junction and in autonomic ganglia.
Nicotinic AChRs are what type of receptor? And is it a fast or slow synaptic transmission?
Ligand-gated ion channels.
Fast synaptic transmission.
Test: fill in the blanks: