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Biology > cell divison > Flashcards

cell divison Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

what are the 2 major phases of the cell cycle

A

interphase , mitotic phase

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2
Q

events of the G1 phase

A

protine synthesis
orgenelle synthesis
cell growth

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3
Q

events of the S phase

A

cell growth
histone protine synthesis
DNA replication
chromatin formation

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4
Q

events of the G2 phase

A

cell growth
synthesis of the protines needed for the mitotic phase
centrosome duplication

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5
Q

what are the impotences of mitosis

A

mantain genetic stability
asexual reproduction
cell repair , regeneration and replacement
growth and development

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6
Q

what are the stages of mitosis

A

prophase
prometaphase
metaphase
anaphase
telophase

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7
Q

what happens in the prophase

A

chromosomes form
nucleoli disappears
the centosomes start moving to the opposite poles
the formation of the kinetecore fibers start

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8
Q

what happens in the prometaphase

A

the nuclear envelope breaks
the kinetecore fiebrs get attached to the centromere of the sister chromosomes

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9
Q

what happens in the metaphase

A

the centromere is arranged on the metaphase plate that the sister chromatids are separated .

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10
Q

what happens in the anaphase

A

the kinetecore fibers condense and the 2 sister chromatids are pulled to the opposite poles
the cell elongates to provide space for this process

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11
Q

what happens in the telophase

A

the nuclear envelope reforms
the chromosomes turn into chromatids
the neuclioli reappears
the kinetecore fibers are detached and no condensed

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12
Q

differenciate cytokinisis in the animal and plant cell

A

animal cell - clevage furrow
plant cell - cell plate by the vessicals from the golgi body

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13
Q

importences of meiosis

A

sexual reproduction
maintains to constent no. of chromosomes through the generations
makes genetic variations leading to evolution due to crossing over , recombination , independent assortment

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14
Q

what happens in prophase I

A

chromosomes are formed
kinetecore fibers start forming
the homologous paris are formed
crossing over
nuclear envelope breaks
nucleolus disspers
the synaptomial complex is formed
the centrsomes move the to opposite poles

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15
Q

what happens in the metaphase I

A

the kinetecore fibers attach to each homologus pair

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16
Q

what happens in the anaphase I

A

the kinetecore fibers condense and pulls the hmologus Paris across

17
Q

what happens in the telophase I

A

the nuclear envelope reforms
kinetocore fibers condense
chromatin is formed
nucleolus is formed

18
Q

what happens in the prophase II

A

chromosomes form
nucleoli disappears
the centosomes start moving to the opposite poles
the formation of the kinetecore fibers start
the nuclear envelope disappears

19
Q

what happens in the metaphase II

A

the metaphase plate is horizontal on the cell

20
Q

what happens in the anaphase II

A

the protines breakdown and the fibes condese so the sister cromatids are separated

21
Q

what happens in the telophase II

A

4 non identical cells are formed after cytokinesis
the nuclear envelope reforms
kinetocore fibers condense
chromatin is formed
nucleolus is formed

Biology (7 decks)

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