animal tissues - unit 5 Flashcards
what are the 4 major types of tissues in the animal body ?
epithelium tissue
connective tissue
muscle tissue
nervous tissue
what are 5 major characteristics of the animal epithelium tissue ?
- covers the internel and externel free surfaces and organs
- the cells of the tissue is closely packed
- it has both an apical and basel surface , the apical surface is free and the basel suface is attached to the basment membreane
- no blood vessels are present in the tissue
- tissue gets nutrients from the underneath connective tissue .
explain the 3 major functions of epithelium tissue ?
protection - against mechanical injury , pathogens and fluid loss
secreation - of mucus , hormones , enzymes and sweat
absorbsion of nutrients
how are epithilium tissues catogerized and what are the examples ?
simple - has one single cell layer
- s.squarmous
-s.cuboidal
-s.columnar
-pseudostratfied
compound - has more than i single cell layer
- stratified squamous
- tansitional
what is the shape of the simple squamous tissue
plate like cells
what is the function of the simple squamous tissue ?
it is present in places where materials exchange by diffusion since it is thin and leaky
eg- alveoli , blood capilaries
what is the shape of the simple cuboidal tissue ?
dice shaped
what is the specialization of the simple cuboidal tissue ? and where is it located , name 3
for secreation .
kidney tubules , sweat glands and thyroid gland
what is the shape of the simple columnar tissue ? and what is it’s function , accordingly where is it located ?
long brick shaped , secreation or active absorbsion .
intestinal lining
what are the 2 unique characteristics of the pseudostratified tissue ?
it is of unequal heights
the neucli are or diffrent levels
in many vertebrates these cells are cilliated
where is the pseudostratified tissue located ?and what is it’s function ?
in mucus membranes and the cillia would help to wipe out the mucous
nasel passage and trachea
what is the special characteristic of the stratified squamous compound tissue ?
it regenerates cells rapidly from the basment membrane and the old cells at the top are sloughed off
where is the stratified squamous compound tissue located?
locations where there are high abrasions
- outer layer of the skin
- anus
- lining of the mouth
- vagina
what is the major function of the connective tissues
to connect organs and tissues both structurally and functionally .
what are the types of cells in connective tissues and what is the function ?
fribroblast - produce fiber proteins
mast cells - produce heperin and histemine
fat cells - storage and insulation
macrophages - phagocytocis
leukocytes - protection
what are the 3 components of the connective tissue
cells
fibers
extra cellular matrix
what are the fibers in the connective tissue and what are the functions ?
collegen fibers - stability and flexibility
reticular fibers - it connects tissues to the adjecent tissues
elastic - to make the tissue elastic
what are the 4 common functions of the connective tissues
binding and structural support
insulation
protection
transport of materials
