domains and kingdoms

Question 1

who introduced the 3 domain and 6 kingdom classification and in what year

Answer 1

Carl Woose (1977)

Question 2

name 7 characteristics of bacteria

Answer 2

prokaryotic

unicellular, colonial, filamentous

size - 1 to 5 micro meters

‘normal’ habitats (both land and water)

peptidoglycan in their cell walls

Most of their cell walls are surrounded by a sticky layer of polysaccharides or proteins called capsule

Bacterial flagellum

obligate aerobes, obligate anaerobes, facultative anaerobes, etc.

performing nitrogen fixation- e.g. Rhizobium sp

asexual reproduction - binary fi ssion
sexual reproduction - conjugation

autrophic and well as heterotrophic

Question 3

name 3 diffrences between cynobacteria and bacteria

Answer 3

1. bacteria - bacterium chlorophyll
   cynobacteria - cyan

2.bacteria - always colonial or filamentous
cynobacteria - sometimes solitary

3. bacteria - sometimes heterotrophic
   cynobacteria - always photosynthetic

Question 4

what are the similarites and differences between domain bacteria and archea

Answer 4

similarities
1. both are prokaryotes
2.both contain circular chromosomes

differences
1. bacteria has peptidoglycan in the cell wall . archea lacks it .

2.bacterial membrane lipids are unbranched and archea are sometimes branched .

3.bacteria are sensitive to antibiotics while archa are not .

4.bacteria can be obligate anerobic , aerobic and facultative while archea is obliate anerobic .

5.initiator amino acid in bacteria is formyl - methionine and in archea it is methionine

Question 5

what are the similarites and differences between domain bacteria and eukarya

Answer 5

similarities
1. membrane lipids are unbranched
2.no growth at very high temp.

differences
1. bacteria are prokaryotic and eukarya is eukaryotic

2.eukarya contains histon in DNA , bacteria does not .

3.in eukarya intrones in genes are very dominant , it is absent in bacteria .

Question 6

what are the similarites and differences between domain archea and eukarya

Answer 6

similarites
1. unbranched membrane lipids
2.not effected by antibiotics
3.the initiating amino acid for protine synthesis is methionine .

differences
1.eukarya are mostly aerobic and archea is obligate anerobes.

2.archea is prokaryotic and unicellular and eukarya is multicellular and eukaryotic .