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OAP A > CELL CYCLE > Flashcards

CELL CYCLE Flashcards

1
Q

CENTROMERE

A

point of attachment of sister chromatids

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2
Q

MITOTIC SPINDLE + CENTROSOME AID WHAT?

A

movement

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3
Q

WHAT ARE FORMS OF DNA?

A
  • chromatin
  • chromatid
  • chromosome
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4
Q

CELL FATE DETERMINATION DEPENDS ON WHAT?

A
  • cell proliferation
  • cell specialisation
  • cell interaction
  • cell movement
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5
Q

CHROMATIN

A

form DNA takes when cell not dividing

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6
Q

CHROMOSOME

A

form DNA takes when chromatin condensed allowing it to be observed under light microscopy

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7
Q

CHROMATID

A

one of attached pair of identical strands (chromosome) of DNA formed during replication

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8
Q

MITOTIC SPINDLE

A

strands of microtubules which aid movement

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9
Q

CENTROSOME

A

organelles which aids spindle formation

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10
Q

CENTRIOLE

A

one of a pair of cylindrical structures which are contained within a centrosome

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11
Q

S PHASE

A

replication of DNA

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12
Q

G1 PHASE

A

synthesis of organelles

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13
Q

G2 PHASE

A

synthesis of proteins

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14
Q

M PHASE

A

division of cell contents

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15
Q

IF A CELL IS IN G0 PHASE, WHAT DOES THIS MEAN?

A

it performs normal functions of the cell but does not divide to provide new cells

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16
Q

CYTOKINESIS PROCESS

A
  • a contractile ring formed from protein microfilaments tightens around the metaphase plate of cell
  • forms a cleavage furrow which gets larger as the ring tightens until it divides parent cells into 2 new separate cells
17
Q

SIGNALS WHICH REGULATE CELL DIVISION

A

PROMOTOR GENES - signal synthesis of growth promoting factors which stimulate cell division

REPRESSOR GENES - signal synthesis of growth inhibiting factors which suppress cell division

18
Q

WHAT MAY LEAD TO THE OVERGROWTH OF TISSUE?

A
  • upset in balance between cell proliferation + cell death

- possible DNA damage

19
Q

UNCONTROLLED DIVISION RESULTS IN WHAT?

A

tumour growth

OAP A (22 decks)

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